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      ANÁLISIS PSICOMÉTRICO DEL "TEST DE FLUIDEZ DE DISEÑOS DE RUFF" EN POBLACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA DE BOGOTÁ Translated title: PSYCHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE RUFF FIGURAL FLUENCY TEST IN A UNIVERSITY POPULATION OF BOGOTA Translated title: ANÁLISE PSICOMÉTRICA DO "TESTE DE FLUÊNCIA DE DESENHOS DE RUFF" NA POPULAÇÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA DE BOGOTÁ

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          Abstract

          La función ejecutiva es el constructo que reúne el conjunto de habilidades cognoscitivas que permiten anticipar, iniciar, retroalimentar el comportamiento y tener flexibilidad cognoscitiva. Una de las pruebas útiles para evaluar esta función es el Test de Fluidez de diseños de Ruff que mide la programación visomotora y se asocia con la actividad frontal derecha. En Colombia no se ha validado en adultos y, dada la utilidad del instrumento en población con lesión neurológica, se planteó la necesidad de realizar el estudio para analizar la viabilidad de utilizar esta prueba tanto en la investigación como en la práctica clínica. El objetivo general fue realizar un análisis psicométrico del "Test de fluidez de diseños de Ruff" en población universitaria bogotana. El estudio fue descriptivo, de tipo instrumental. Se contó con la participación de 492 estudiantes universitarios, hombres y mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 28 años, de siete universidades de la ciudad de Bogotá. El análisis de consistencia interna arrojó un alfa de Cronbach de 0.876. Se utilizó la subprueba de cubos del WAIS para establecer la validez convergente, y se encontró una correlación de 0.24, con un valor p = 0.001. El análisis factorial arrojó 4 factores, tres de los cuales coinciden con los estudios realizados por el autor del test; el cuarto factor encontrado se relacionó con seguimiento de instrucciones. Se encontraron diferencias por sexo en el factor diseños únicos, en el cual las mujeres obtuvieron una media más alta que los hombres.

          Translated abstract

          Executive function is the construct that comprises the spectrum of cognitive abilities that enable the individual to anticipate, initiate, provide feedback to the behavior and have cognitive flexibility. One of the useful tests to assess this function is the Ruff Figural Fluency Test which measures visuomotor programming and is associated with right frontal activity. In Colombia this test has not been validated with adult population, and considering the usefulness of this instrument for assessing people with neurological injury, the need to carry out a study to analyze the feasibility of using this test both in research and clinical practice was raised. The overall objective was to conduct a psychometric analysis of the Ruff Test with university population in Bogotá. The study was descriptive, of instrumental type. Participants were 492 university students, men and women, aged between 18 and 28 years, enrolled in seven universities of the city of Bogotá. The internal consistency analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.876. In order to establish convergent validity, the WAIS cubes subtest was used, and a correlation of 0.24 was found, with p = 0.001. Factor analysis yielded four factors, three of which coincide with the studies conducted by the author of the test. The fourth factor found was related with following directions. Sex differences were found in the unique designs factor, where women obtained a higher average than men.

          Translated abstract

          A função executiva é o constructo que reúne o conjunto de habilidades cognoscitivas que permitem antecipar, iniciar, retroalimentar o comportamento e ter flexibilidade cognoscitiva. Um dos testes úteis para avaliar esta função é o Teste de Fluência de desenhos de Ruff que mede a programação visomotora e associa-se com a atividade frontal direita. na Colômbia não foi validado em adultos, e dada a utilidade do instrumento na população com lesão neurológica, foi mostrada a necessidade de fazer o estudo para analisar a viabilidade de utilizar este teste tanto na pesquisa com na prática clínica.. O objetivo geral foi realizar uma análise psicométrica do "Teste de fluência de desenhos de Ruff" na população universitária de Bogotá. O estudo foi descritivo, de tipo instrumental. Contou com a participação de 492 estudantes universitários, homens e mulheres, com idades entre 18 e 28 anos, de sete universidades da cidade de Bogotá. A análise de consistência interna mostrou um alfa de Cronbach de 0.876. Utilizou-se o sub-teste de cubos do WAIS para estabelecer a validade convergente, e encontrou-se uma correlação de 0.24, com um valor p = 0.001. A análise fatorial mostrou 4 fatores, três dos quais coincidem com os estudos realizados pelo autor do teste; o quarto fator encontrado relacionou-se com o seguimento de instruções. Encontraram-se diferenças por sexo no fator desenhos únicos, no qual as mulheres obtiveram uma média mais alta que os homens.

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          Most cited references52

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          A role for synaptic plasticity in the adolescent development of executive function

          L Selemon (2013)
          Adolescent brain maturation is characterized by the emergence of executive function mediated by the prefrontal cortex, e.g., goal planning, inhibition of impulsive behavior and set shifting. Synaptic pruning of excitatory contacts is the signature morphologic event of late brain maturation during adolescence. Mounting evidence suggests that glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity, in particular long term depression (LTD), is important for elimination of synaptic contacts in brain development. This review examines the possibility (1) that LTD mechanisms are enhanced in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence due to ongoing synaptic pruning in this late developing cortex and (2) that enhanced synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex represents a key molecular substrate underlying the critical period for maturation of executive function. Molecular sites of interaction between environmental factors, such as alcohol and stress, and glutamate receptor mediated plasticity are considered. The accentuated negative impact of these factors during adolescence may be due in part to interference with LTD mechanisms that refine prefrontal cortical circuitry and when disrupted derail normal maturation of executive function. Diminished prefrontal cortical control over risk-taking behavior could further exacerbate negative outcomes associated with these behaviors, as for example addiction and depression. Greater insight into the neurobiology of the adolescent brain is needed to fully understand the molecular basis for heightened vulnerability during adolescence to the injurious effects of substance abuse and stress.
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            Neuropsychological assessment

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              Desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas y de la corteza prefrontal.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                acp
                Acta Colombiana de Psicología
                Act.Colom.Psicol.
                Universidad Catolica de Colombia (Bogotá )
                0123-9155
                June 2014
                : 17
                : 1
                : 45-52
                Affiliations
                [1 ] UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE COLOMBIA Colombia
                Article
                S0123-91552014000100005
                c48a46dd-6d12-403d-807b-69359a19c6ec

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0123-9155&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                consistencia,validez,Executive Function,frontal lobe,design fluency,consistency,validity,Função executiva,lóbulo frontal,fluência de desenhos,consistência, validade,Función ejecutiva,fluidez de diseños

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