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      Envelhecimento vocal em idosos instucionalizados Translated title: Vocal aging of institutionalized elderly people

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVOS: avaliar de forma perceptivo-auditiva as características vocais de idosos institucionalizados, identificar se essas características interferem no processo de comunicação e correlacioná-las com a avaliação das estruturas do sistema estomatognático e do padrão de fala. MÉTODOS: estudo clínico do tipo transversal, no qual foram realizadas anamneses e avaliações fonoaudiológicas em uma amostra aleatória de 48 indivíduos idosos, residentes na Casa do Ancião Francisco Azevedo - Belo Horizonte/MG, que não apresentavam nenhum tipo de alteração neurológica, uma vez que, buscou-se traçar as manifestações fonoaudiológicas de idosos em processo de envelhecimento sadio. Utilizou-se protocolos específicos, desenvolvidos pelas autoras, de acordo com os aspectos pertinentes aos objetivos do presente estudo. RESULTADOS: na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da qualidade vocal, constatou-se predominantemente qualidade vocal rouca (70,8%), em grau moderado (33,3%), loudness reduzida (56,2%), pitch grave (62,5%) e tempos máximos de fonação reduzidos (81,2%). Dos 48 participantes, 85,4% relataram que a voz não interfere no processo de comunicação. Em relação aos padrões de fala, predominaram inteligibilidade preservada (83,3%), articulação preservada (72,9%) e precisão articulatória preservada (83,3%). CONCLUSÕES: existem alterações nos parâmetros referentes à voz decorrentes da idade, sendo que elas não interferem na comunicação e mantêm relação diversa com outras mudanças nas estruturas do sistema estomatognático. Este estudo veio complementar as pesquisas na área de voz envolvendo indivíduos da terceira idade, sob processo de envelhecimento sadio e residentes em instituições de longa permanência.

          Translated abstract

          PURPOSES: to investigate vocal aspects related to healthy aging in the institutionalized elderly people, and to identify if these aspects interfer with communication and correlate vocal changes with motor oral system evaluation and speech patterns. METHODS: transversal clinic research in which the methods used were interview and phonoaudiological examination of a randomized sample of 48 aged patients, resident in Casa do Ancião Francisco Azevedo - Belo Horizonte/MG, who did not show neurological disabilities. Specific protocols were used, developed by the authors, according to aspects related to the purposes of this study RESULTS: vocal parameters were analyzed and the following conditions were observed: hoarse voice (70,8%), in moderate degree (33,3%), reduced loudness (56,2%), bass pitch (62,5%) and short maximum phonation periods (81,2%). About 41 (85,4%) patients reported that vocal problems do not interfer with their communication process. Normal aging did not result directly in alterations in speech patterns, but changes in motor oral system due to health aging showed different associations with those patterns. CONCLUSIONS: this study showed the presence of alterations in the aspects related to voice but they do not interfer with the communication process. There were not alterations in speech patterns due to health aging but changes in motor oral system showed different association with those patterns. This study has contributed to improve knowledge about voice and elderly that suffer changes due to health aging and live in old people's homes.

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          Most cited references26

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          Fundamentos em fono-audiologia: tratando os distúrbios da voz

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            Intervenção fonoaudiológica na terceira idade

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              Quantitative analysis of videostroboscopic images in presbylarynges.

              Age-related dysphonia, or presbylarynges, is often identified as the cause of voice disorders in older individuals. It is a diagnosis of exclusion that typically includes the subjective videostroboscopic findings of vocal fold bowing or atrophy and incomplete glottal closure. We hypothesize that vocal fold bowing correlates directly with glottal gap in patients with presbylarynges and that these characteristics may be quantified objectively using measures obtained from videostroboscopic images.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcefac
                Revista CEFAC
                Rev. CEFAC
                CEFAC Saúde e Educação (São Paulo )
                1982-0216
                March 2007
                : 9
                : 1
                : 90-98
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Fonocau - Clínica de Fonoaudiologia
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [3 ] Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1516-18462007000100012
                10.1590/S1516-18462007000100012
                c4704439-ea3e-4690-8487-222bdd2d54cb

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1516-1846&lng=en
                Categories
                REHABILITATION

                Physiotherapy
                Voice,Aging,Health of Institutionalized Elderly,Voz,Envelhecimento,Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado

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