Widespread public misconception in the early phase of the H1N1 influenza epidemic

Abstract

To investigate the community responses and preparedness for a possible epidemic of H1N1 influenza in Hong Kong shortly after an imported case was confirmed. A random sample of 550 Chinese adults in the Hong Kong general population was interviewed during May 7-9, 2009. The public did not perceive a high likelihood of having a local H1N1 outbreak, nor did they regard H1N1 as a threatening disease. Frequent hand-washing (73.6%) and use of face-masks in case of flu symptoms (47.9%) were prevalent. The public approved of governmental policies including the quarantining of hotel guests, was not panicking and perceived a high self-efficacy of self-protection. However, misconceptions were prevalent and the public avoided visiting crowded places (9.3%), which many people wrongly believed was a government recommendation. Although the public response demonstrated vigilance and preparedness there were signs of complacency. Clear communication, updated scientific information and transparency on government decision making are warranted. Data of the study provide a baseline for an ongoing surveillance program to help shape policy and provide information to the international community.