Aerosol trace metal leaching and impacts on marine microorganisms

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Abstract

Metal dissolution from atmospheric aerosol deposition to the oceans is important in enhancing and inhibiting phytoplankton growth rates and modifying plankton community structure, thus impacting marine biogeochemistry. Here we review the current state of knowledge on the causes and effects of the leaching of multiple trace metals from natural and anthropogenic aerosols. Aerosol deposition is considered both on short timescales over which phytoplankton respond directly to aerosol metal inputs, as well as longer timescales over which biogeochemical cycles are affected by aerosols.

Abstract

Metal dissolution from atmospheric aerosol deposition plays an important role in enhancing and inhibiting phytoplankton growth and community structure. Here, the authors review the impacts of trace metal leaching from natural and anthropogenic aerosols on marine microorganisms over short and long timescales.

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Most cited references 119

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Ocean acidification: the other CO2 problem.

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Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), primarily from human fossil fuel combustion, reduces ocean pH and causes wholesale shifts in seawater carbonate chemistry. The process of ocean acidification is well documented in field data, and the rate will accelerate over this century unless future CO2 emissions are curbed dramatically. Acidification alters seawater chemical speciation and biogeochemical cycles of many elements and compounds. One well-known effect is the lowering of calcium carbonate saturation states, which impacts shell-forming marine organisms from plankton to benthic molluscs, echinoderms, and corals. Many calcifying species exhibit reduced calcification and growth rates in laboratory experiments under high-CO2 conditions. Ocean acidification also causes an increase in carbon fixation rates in some photosynthetic organisms (both calcifying and noncalcifying). The potential for marine organisms to adapt to increasing CO2 and broader implications for ocean ecosystems are not well known; both are high priorities for future research. Although ocean pH has varied in the geological past, paleo-events may be only imperfect analogs to current conditions.

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Processes and patterns of oceanic nutrient limitation

C Moore, M. Mills, K. Arrigo … (2013)

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Chemistry and biology of siderophores.

Robert Hider, Xiaole Kong (2010)

Siderophores are compounds produced by bacteria, fungi and graminaceous plants for scavenging iron from the environment. They are low-molecular-weight compounds (500-1500 daltons) possessing a high affinity for iron(III) (Kf > 1030), the biosynthesis of which is regulated by iron levels and the function of which is to supply iron to the cell. This article briefly describes the classification and chemical properties of siderophores, before outlining research on siderophore biosynthesis and transport. Clinically important siderophores and the therapeutic potential of siderophore design are described. Appendix 1 provides a comprehensive list of siderophore structures.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Natalie M. Mahowald:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-997X

mahowald@cornell.edu

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nat Commun

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nat Commun

Title: Nature Communications

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2041-1723

Publication date (Electronic): 5 July 2018

Publication date PMC-release: 5 July 2018

Publication date Collection: 2018

Volume: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: 2614

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 000000041936877X, GRID grid.5386.8, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, , Cornell University, ; Ithaca, NY USA

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0668 7243, GRID grid.266093.8, Department of Earth System Science, , University of California, Irvine, ; Irvine, CA USA

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 1092 7967, GRID grid.8273.e, Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, , University of East Anglia, ; NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0125 2443, GRID grid.8547.e, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, , Fudan University, ; 200433 Shanghai, China

[5 ]Present Address: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA

Author information

Natalie M. Mahowald http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-997X

Douglas S. Hamilton http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8171-5723

Alex R. Baker http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8365-8953

Article

Publisher ID: 4970

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04970-7

PMC ID: 6033952

PubMed ID: 29977041

SO-VID: c3abff77-6d1f-4bbe-b0d1-d9dd7dcc9167

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 29 June 2017

Date accepted : 8 June 2018

Funding

Funded by: FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/100006132, DOE | Office of Science (SC);

Award ID: 0016362

Award Recipient : Natalie M. Mahowald

Funded by: FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/100000001, National Science Foundation (NSF);

Award ID: AGS1049033

Award ID: CCF-1522054

Award Recipient : Natalie M. Mahowald

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Aerosol trace metal leaching and impacts on marine microorganisms

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Marine Life Science & Technology

Most cited references 119

Ocean acidification: the other CO2 problem.

Processes and patterns of oceanic nutrient limitation

Chemistry and biology of siderophores.

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