Clinical Perspectives of Parkinson's Disease for Ophthalmologists, Otorhinolaryngologists, Cardiologists, Dentists, Gastroenterologists, Urologists, Physiatrists, and Psychiatrists

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multisystemic disorder characterized by various non-motor symptoms (NMS) in addition to motor dysfunction. NMS include sleep, ocular, olfactory, throat, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or musculoskeletal disorders. A range of NMS, particularly hyposmia, sleep disturbances, constipation, and depression, can even appear prior to the motor symptoms of PD. Because NMS can affect multiple organs and result in major disabilities, the recognition and multidisciplinary and collaborative management of NMS by physicians is essential for patients with PD. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the organs that are affected by NMS in PD together with a brief review of pathophysiology and treatment options.

Graphical Abstract

Related collections

Most cited references 127

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

Update on treatments for nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease—an evidence‐based medicine review

Klaus Seppi, K Ray Chaudhuri, Miguel Coelho … (2019)

ABSTRACT Objective To update evidence‐based medicine recommendations for treating nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Background The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Evidence‐Based Medicine Committee's recommendations for treatments of PD were first published in 2002, updated in 2011, and now updated again through December 31, 2016. Methods Level I studies testing pharmacological, surgical, or nonpharmacological interventions for the treatment of nonmotor symptoms in PD were reviewed. Criteria for inclusion and quality scoring were as previously reported. The disorders covered were a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, autonomic dysfunction, disorders of sleep and wakefulness, pain, fatigue, impaired olfaction, and ophthalmologic dysfunction. Clinical efficacy, implications for clinical practice, and safety conclusions are reported. Results A total of 37 new studies qualified for review. There were no randomized controlled trials that met inclusion criteria for the treatment of anxiety disorders, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, excessive sweating, impaired olfaction, or ophthalmologic dysfunction. We identified clinically useful or possibly useful interventions for the treatment of depression, apathy, impulse control and related disorders, dementia, psychosis, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, drooling, orthostatic hypotension, gastrointestinal dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, erectile dysfunction, fatigue, and pain. There were no clinically useful interventions identified to treat non‐dementia‐level cognitive impairment. Conclusions The evidence base for treating a range of nonmotor symptoms in PD has grown substantially in recent years. However, treatment options overall remain limited given the high prevalence and adverse impact of these disorders, so the development and testing of new treatments for nonmotor symptoms in PD remains a top priority. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

0 comments Cited 300 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Update on the worldwide prevalence of essential tremor.

Elan Louis, Joaquim Ferreira (2010)

Essential tremor (ET) is among the more prevalent neurological disorders, yet prevalence estimates have varied enormously, making it difficult to establish prevalence with precision. We: (1) reviewed the worldwide prevalence of ET in population-based epidemiological studies, (2) derived as precisely as possible an estimate of disease prevalence, and (3) examined trends and important differences across studies. We identified 28 population-based prevalence studies (19 countries). In a meta-analysis, pooled prevalence (all ages) = 0.9%, with statistically significant heterogeneity across studies (I(2) = 99%, P or= 65 years) = 4.6%, and in additional descriptive analyses, median crude prevalence (age >or= 60-65) = 6.3%. In one study of those age >or= 95 years, crude prevalence = 21.7%. Several studies reported ethnic differences in prevalence, although more studies are needed. Greater than one-third of studies show a gender difference, with most demonstrating a higher prevalence among men. This possible gender preference is interesting given clinical, epidemiological, and pathological associations between ET and Parkinson's disease. Precise prevalence estimates such as those we provide are important because they form the numerical basis for planned public health initiatives, provide data on the background occurrence of disease for family studies, and offer clues about the existence of environmental or underlying biological factors of possible mechanistic importance. (c) 2010 Movement Disorder Society.

0 comments Cited 258 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson disease.

Richard L. Doty (2012)

Olfactory dysfunction is among the earliest nonmotor features of Parkinson disease (PD). Such dysfunction is present in approximately 90% of early-stage PD cases and can precede the onset of motor symptoms by years. The mechanisms responsible for olfactory dysfunction are currently unknown. As equivalent deficits are observed in Alzheimer disease, Down syndrome, and the Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam, a common pathological substrate may be involved. Given that olfactory loss occurs to a lesser extent or is absent in disorders such as multiple system atrophy, corticobasal degeneration, and progressive supranuclear palsy, olfactory testing can be useful in differential diagnosis. The olfactory dysfunction in PD and a number of related diseases with smell loss correlates with decreased numbers of neurons in structures such as the locus coeruleus, the raphe nuclei, and the nucleus basalis of Meynart. These neuroanatomical findings, together with evidence for involvement of the autonomic nervous system in numerous PD-related symptoms, suggest that deficits in cholinergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic function may contribute to the olfactory loss. This Review discusses the current understanding of olfactory dysfunction in PD, including factors that may be related to its cause.

0 comments Cited 229 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Korean Med Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J. Korean Med. Sci

Journal ID (publisher-id): JKMS

Title: Journal of Korean Medical Science

Publisher: The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences

ISSN (Print): 1011-8934

ISSN (Electronic): 1598-6357

Publication date (Electronic): 15 June 2020

Publication date Collection: 20 July 2020

Volume: 35

Issue: 28

Electronic Location Identifier: e230

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[2 ]Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[3 ]Department of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[4 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[5 ]Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[6 ]Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[7 ]Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[8 ]Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

[9 ]Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

Author notes

Address for Correspondence: Jong-Min Kim, MD, PhD. Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-ro, 173-beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea. jongmin1@ 123456snu.ac.kr

Author information

Ji-Hyun Choi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2310-1368

Jong-Min Kim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-3997

Hee Kyung Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1140-6036

Hyo-Jung Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-7389

Cheol Min Shin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-9845

Seong Jin Jeong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3580-1452

Won-Seok Kim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-5707

Ji Won Han https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2418-4257

In-Young Yoon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-8238

Yoo Sung Song https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-1358

Yun Jung Bae https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1779-4949

Article

DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e230

PMC ID: 7371452

PubMed ID: 32686370

SO-VID: c39139dd-a02d-4a02-916e-894f8a70020a

License:

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Clinical Perspectives of Parkinson's Disease for Ophthalmologists, Otorhinolaryngologists, Cardiologists, Dentists, Gastroenterologists, Urologists, Physiatrists, and Psychiatrists

Read this article at

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Related collections

Karger: Neurology and Neuroscience

Most cited references 127

Update on treatments for nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease—an evidence‐based medicine review

How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Update on the worldwide prevalence of essential tremor.

Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson disease.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Author information

Article

History

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 609

Cited by 4

Most referenced authors 1,348