54
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      UV-Protective Compounds in Marine Organisms from the Southern Ocean

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Solar radiation represents a key abiotic factor in the evolution of life in the oceans. In general, marine, biota—particularly in euphotic and dysphotic zones—depends directly or indirectly on light, but ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) can damage vital molecular machineries. UV-R induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairs intracellular structures and enzymatic reactions. It can also affect organismal physiologies and eventually alter trophic chains at the ecosystem level. In Antarctica, physical drivers, such as sunlight, sea-ice, seasonality and low temperature are particularly influencing as compared to other regions. The springtime ozone depletion over the Southern Ocean makes organisms be more vulnerable to UV-R. Nonetheless, Antarctic species seem to possess analogous UV photoprotection and repair mechanisms as those found in organisms from other latitudes. The lack of data on species-specific responses towards increased UV-B still limits the understanding about the ecological impact and the tolerance levels related to ozone depletion in this region. The photobiology of Antarctic biota is largely unknown, in spite of representing a highly promising reservoir in the discovery of novel cosmeceutical products. This review compiles the most relevant information on photoprotection and UV-repair processes described in organisms from the Southern Ocean, in the context of this unique marine polar environment.

          Related collections

          Most cited references355

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The green fluorescent protein.

          R Tsien (1998)
          In just three years, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria has vaulted from obscurity to become one of the most widely studied and exploited proteins in biochemistry and cell biology. Its amazing ability to generate a highly visible, efficiently emitting internal fluorophore is both intrinsically fascinating and tremendously valuable. High-resolution crystal structures of GFP offer unprecedented opportunities to understand and manipulate the relation between protein structure and spectroscopic function. GFP has become well established as a marker of gene expression and protein targeting in intact cells and organisms. Mutagenesis and engineering of GFP into chimeric proteins are opening new vistas in physiological indicators, biosensors, and photochemical memories.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: chlorine atom-catalysed destruction of ozone

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Mar Drugs
                Mar Drugs
                marinedrugs
                Marine Drugs
                MDPI
                1660-3397
                14 September 2018
                September 2018
                : 16
                : 9
                : 336
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms (BEOM), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), 80121 Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy; laura.nunezpons@ 123456szn.it (L.N.-P.); cinzia.verde@ 123456ibbr.cnr.it (C.V.)
                [2 ]Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; conxita.avila@ 123456ub.edu
                [3 ]Department of Marine Biotechnology (Biotech), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), 80121 Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy; giovanna.romano@ 123456szn.it
                [4 ]Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: daniela.giordano@ 123456ibbr.cnr.it ; Tel.: +39-081-613-2541
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-3798
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-8376
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-7153
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8891-6245
                Article
                marinedrugs-16-00336
                10.3390/md16090336
                6165330
                30223486
                c37ecebe-4932-432f-b7ee-424fa7253335
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 12 July 2018
                : 12 September 2018
                Categories
                Review

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                antarctica,uv radiation,ozone hole,climate change,marine organisms,sunscreen,uv-absorbing molecules,antioxidants,dna repair,cosmeceuticals

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content121

                Cited by15

                Most referenced authors4,161