Flexible graphene photodetectors for wearable fitness monitoring

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Abstract

Flexible and transparent graphene photodetector technology allows non-invasive monitoring of vital signs.

Abstract

Wearable health and wellness trackers based on optical detection are promising candidates for public health uses due to their noninvasive tracking of vital health signs. However, so far, the use of rigid technologies hindered the ultimate performance and form factor of the wearable. Here, we demonstrate a new class of flexible and transparent wearables based on graphene sensitized with semiconducting quantum dots (GQD). We show several prototype wearable devices that are able to monitor vital health signs noninvasively, including heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO ₂), and respiratory rate. Operation with ambient light is demonstrated, offering low-power consumption. Moreover, using heterogeneous integration of a flexible ultraviolet (UV)–sensitive photodetector with a near-field communication circuit board allows wireless communication and power transfer between the photodetectors and a smartphone, offering battery-free operation. This technology paves the way toward seamlessly integrated wearables, and empowers the user through wireless probing of the UV index.

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Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes.

Sukang Bae, Hyeongkeun Kim, Youngbin Lee … (2010)

The outstanding electrical, mechanical and chemical properties of graphene make it attractive for applications in flexible electronics. However, efforts to make transparent conducting films from graphene have been hampered by the lack of efficient methods for the synthesis, transfer and doping of graphene at the scale and quality required for applications. Here, we report the roll-to-roll production and wet-chemical doping of predominantly monolayer 30-inch graphene films grown by chemical vapour deposition onto flexible copper substrates. The films have sheet resistances as low as approximately 125 ohms square(-1) with 97.4% optical transmittance, and exhibit the half-integer quantum Hall effect, indicating their high quality. We further use layer-by-layer stacking to fabricate a doped four-layer film and measure its sheet resistance at values as low as approximately 30 ohms square(-1) at approximately 90% transparency, which is superior to commercial transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxides. Graphene electrodes were incorporated into a fully functional touch-screen panel device capable of withstanding high strain.

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Stretchable silicon nanoribbon electronics for skin prosthesis.

Jaemin Kim, Mincheol Lee, Hyung Joon Shim … (2014)

Sensory receptors in human skin transmit a wealth of tactile and thermal signals from external environments to the brain. Despite advances in our understanding of mechano- and thermosensation, replication of these unique sensory characteristics in artificial skin and prosthetics remains challenging. Recent efforts to develop smart prosthetics, which exploit rigid and/or semi-flexible pressure, strain and temperature sensors, provide promising routes for sensor-laden bionic systems, but with limited stretchability, detection range and spatio-temporal resolution. Here we demonstrate smart prosthetic skin instrumented with ultrathin, single crystalline silicon nanoribbon strain, pressure and temperature sensor arrays as well as associated humidity sensors, electroresistive heaters and stretchable multi-electrode arrays for nerve stimulation. This collection of stretchable sensors and actuators facilitate highly localized mechanical and thermal skin-like perception in response to external stimuli, thus providing unique opportunities for emerging classes of prostheses and peripheral nervous system interface technologies.

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Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring

Sumit Majumder, Tapas Mondal, M. Deen (2017)

Life expectancy in most countries has been increasing continually over the several few decades thanks to significant improvements in medicine, public health, as well as personal and environmental hygiene. However, increased life expectancy combined with falling birth rates are expected to engender a large aging demographic in the near future that would impose significant burdens on the socio-economic structure of these countries. Therefore, it is essential to develop cost-effective, easy-to-use systems for the sake of elderly healthcare and well-being. Remote health monitoring, based on non-invasive and wearable sensors, actuators and modern communication and information technologies offers an efficient and cost-effective solution that allows the elderly to continue to live in their comfortable home environment instead of expensive healthcare facilities. These systems will also allow healthcare personnel to monitor important physiological signs of their patients in real time, assess health conditions and provide feedback from distant facilities. In this paper, we have presented and compared several low-cost and non-invasive health and activity monitoring systems that were reported in recent years. A survey on textile-based sensors that can potentially be used in wearable systems is also presented. Finally, compatibility of several communication technologies as well as future perspectives and research challenges in remote monitoring systems will be discussed.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Adv

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Adv

Journal ID (publisher-id): SciAdv

Journal ID (hwp): advances

Title: Science Advances

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science

ISSN (Electronic): 2375-2548

Publication date Collection: September 2019

Publication date (Electronic): 13 September 2019

Volume: 5

Issue: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: eaaw7846

Affiliations

[1 ]ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.

[2 ]ICREA—Institució Catalana de Recerça i Estudis Avançats, Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author. Email: gerasimos.konstantatos@ 123456icfo.eu (G.K.); stijn.goossens@ 123456icfo.eu (S.G.); frank.koppens@ 123456icfo.eu (F.K.)

Author information

Emre O. Polat http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6652-059X

Turgut Durduran http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-1027

Gerasimos Konstantatos http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7701-8127

Stijn Goossens http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-6114

Frank Koppens http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-6120

Article

Publisher ID: aaw7846

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw7846

PMC ID: 6744261

PubMed ID: 31548984

SO-VID: c2ba9611-0bdd-4c7c-95d8-9d2a4635cfcf

Copyright © Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 24 January 2019

Date accepted : 19 August 2019

Funding

Funded by: Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness;

Award ID: SEV-2015-0522

Funded by: European Union Seventh Framework;

Award ID: 785219

Funded by: Agency for Management of University and Research Grants;

Award ID: 2017 SGR 1656

Funded by: Agency for Management of University and Research Grants;

Award ID: 2017 SGR 1380

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Copyeditor Sam Ardiente

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Flexible graphene photodetectors for wearable fitness monitoring

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Most cited references 34

Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes.

Stretchable silicon nanoribbon electronics for skin prosthesis.

Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring

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