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      La violencia contra la mujer en la pareja: Un estudio en el ámbito de la atención primaria Translated title: Intimate partner violence: A survey conducted in the primary care setting

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          Abstract

          Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de violencia contra la mujer en la pareja en una muestra de mujeres asistentes por cualquier motivo a centros de atención primaria, y analizar las características de esta violencia. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 23 consultas de atención primaria de Andalucía, Madrid y Valencia. La muestra incluye 1.402 mujeres entre 18 y 65 años de edad elegidas aleatoriamente en estas consultas. Entre las variables recogidas mediante cuestionario autoadministrado se incluyeron la existencia de maltrato fisico, emocional o sexual, su temporalidad, su frecuencia y su duración. Resultados: El 32% del total de mujeres en la muestra tuvo algún tipo de maltrato a lo largo de su vida. El 7% presentó en algún momento de su vida maltrato físico y emocional a la vez, el 14% maltrato emocional, el 3% maltrato emocional y sexual conjuntamente y el 6% los 3 tipos de maltrato. El 52% de las mujeres que refirieron los 3 tipos de maltrato lo habían sufrido durante más de 5 años. Hay una mayor probabilidad de padecer maltrato en la actualidad habiéndolo sufrido con una pareja anterior en el pasado (odds ratio = 3,30; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 2,10-5,18). Conclusiones: Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto la magnitud de la violencia contra la mujer en la pareja en nuestro ámbito. Los profesionales de la salud se encuentran en una situación privilegiada para abordar este grave problema de salud pública.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives: To determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in a sample of women attending primary care centers for any reason and to analyze the characteristics of this violence. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in 23 primary care centers in three regions of Spain (Andalusia, Madrid and Valencia). The sample included 1,402 randomly selected adult women aged between 18 and 65 years attending these centers. Among the variables collected through a self-administered questionnaire were the existence of physical, emotional or sexual abuse, and its timing, duration, and frequency. Results: Overall, 32% had experienced some type of IPV. By type, 7% had experienced both physical and emotional IPV, 14% had experienced emotional IPV, 3% had experienced emotional and sexual IPV, and 6% had suffered all 3 types of IPV. Among the latter, 52% had experienced abuse for more than 5 years. Women who experienced abuse in a previous relationship had a greater probability of being abused by a new intimate partner (OR = 3.30; 95% CI, 2.10-5.18). Conclusions: These results show the scale of IPV in Spain. Health professionals play an important role in IPV, as they are in a privileged position to tackle this serious public health problem.

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          Most cited references40

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          Health consequences of intimate partner violence.

          Intimate partner violence, which describes physical or sexual assault, or both, of a spouse or sexual intimate, is a common health-care issue. In this article, I have reviewed research on the mental and physical health sequelae of such violence. Increased health problems such as injury, chronic pain, gastrointestinal, and gynaecological signs including sexually-transmitted diseases, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder are well documented by controlled research in abused women in various settings. Intimate partner violence has been noted in 3-13% of pregnancies in many studies from around the world, and is associated with detrimental outcomes to mothers and infants. I recommend increased assessment and interventions for intimate partner violence in health-care settings.
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            Physical and mental health effects of intimate partner violence for men and women

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              Frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type: physical, sexual, and psychological battering.

              This study estimated the frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type (physical, sexual, battering, or emotional abuse) among women seeking primary health care. Women aged 18 to 65 years who attended family practice clinics in 1997 and 1998 took part. Participation included a brief in-clinic survey assessing intimate partner violence. Multiple polytomous logistic regression was used to assess correlates of partner violence by type. Of 1401 eligible women surveyed, 772 (55.1%) had experienced some type of intimate partner violence in a current, most recent, or past intimate relationship with a male partner; 20.2% were currently experiencing intimate partner violence. Among those who had experienced partner violence in any relationship, 77.3% experienced physical or sexual violence, and 22.7% experienced nonphysical abuse. Alcohol and/or drug abuse by the male partner was the strongest correlate of violence. Partner substance abuse and intimate partner violence in the woman's family of origin were strong risk factors for experiencing violence. Efforts to universally screen for partner violence and to effectively intervene to reduce the impact of such violence on women's lives must be a public health priority.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Ediciones Doyma, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                June 2006
                : 20
                : 3
                : 202-208
                Affiliations
                [02] Madrid orgnameCentro de Salud El Escorial España
                [05] Valencia orgnameUniversidad de Valencia España
                [01] Granada orgnameEscuela Andaluza de Salud Pública España
                [04] Valencia orgnameCentro de Salud Fuente de San Luis España
                [03] Córdoba orgnameCentro de Salud La Fuensanta España
                Article
                S0213-91112006000300006 S0213-9111(06)02000300006
                10.1157/13088851
                c27098b1-a88a-4aff-b904-b595267b8ef7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 June 2005
                : 03 January 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
                Originales

                España,Epidemiología,Domestic violence,Primary health care,Epidemiology,Atención primaria de salud,Maltrato conyugal,Spain,Spouse abuse,Violencia doméstica

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