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      EVALUACIÓN DE LA INOCULACIÓN CONJUNTA Bradyrhizobium japonicum-HONGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES Y LA APLICACIÓN DE UN BIOESTIMULADOR DEL CRECIMIENTO VEGETAL EN SOYA CULTIVADA EN ÉPOCA DE INVIERNO Translated title: JOINT ASSESSMENT Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi AND APPLICATION OF A PLANT GROWTH IN biostimulator soybeans grown in winter time

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          Abstract

          El estudio se desarrolló en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA) sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo Lixiviado, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la inoculación combinada de Bradyrhizobium japonicum y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares, junto con la aplicación de un bioestimulador del crecimiento vegetal, sobre la respuesta del cultivar de soya INCAsoy-24. Se empleó un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro réplicas por tratamiento, los cuales consistieron en la inoculación de estos microorganismos, en sus formas simples y combinados, mediante la tecnología de recubrimiento de semillas, así como la aplicación por diferentes vías del bioestimulador del crecimiento vegetal a los tratamientos anteriores. Los resultados del estudio mostraron un efecto positivo de la inoculación conjunta de ambos biofertilizantes sobre el crecimiento y rendimiento de este cultivar de soya, con incrementos de 31,2 %, lo que corroboró los efectos sinérgicos y beneficiosos de la coinoculación Bradyrhizobium japonicum-hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en este cultivo. Los incrementos fueron ligeramente superiores con la aplicación a dicho tratamiento del estimulador del crecimiento vegetal, sin diferencias significativas con este, tanto recubriendo las semillas como con la aplicación foliar, con valores alrededor de 37,6 y 34,4 % respectivamente. Los tratamientos donde se aplicó el bioestimulante produjeron rendimientos superiores a sus controles donde no se aplicó el producto, obteniéndose incrementos en la producción entre 2,44 y 14,91 %, de acuerdo al tratamiento evaluado, demostrando su efectividad en la estimulación del crecimiento vegetal.

          Translated abstract

          The study was carried out at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA) on a Lixiviated Red Ferralitic soil, with the objective of evaluating the effect of the combined inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, along with the application of a crop growth biostimulator, on soybean response of INCAsoy-24 cv. A randomized block design with four repetitions per treatment was employed, which consisted of inoculating these microorganisms, in their single and cocktail forms, by means of a seed recovery technology, as well as applying a crop growth biostimulator through different ways to the previous treatments. Results showed a positive effect of the combined inoculation of both biofertilizers on soybean cultivar growth and yield, with increments of 31,2 %, so confirming the synergical and beneficial effects of Bradyrhizobium japonicum-arbuscular micorrhiza fungal coinoculation in this crop. Increments were slightly higher when applying crop growth stimulator to this treatment, it showing no significant differences, either by seed recovery or leaf application, with values of about 37,6 and 34,4 % respectively. Treatments where the biostimulant was applied showed better yields than the controls; thus, production increments from 2.44 to 14,91 % were achieved, according to the treatment evaluated, it proving its effectiveness on crop growth stimulation.

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          Nueva versión de clasificación genética de los suelos de Cuba

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            Xyloglucan oligosaccharides promote growth and activate cellulase: evidence for a role of cellulase in cell expansion.

            Oligosaccharides produced by the action of fungal cellulase on xyloglucans promoted the elongation of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L.) stem segments in a straight-growth bioassay designed for the determination of auxins. The oligosaccharides were most active at about 1 micromolar. We tested the relative growth-promoting activities of four HPLC-purified oligosaccharides which shared a common glucose(4). xylose(3) (XG7) core. The substituted oligosaccharides XG8 (glucose(4). xylose(3). galactose) and XG9n (glucose(4). xylose(3). galactose(2)) were more effective than XG7 itself and XG9 (glucose(4). xylose(3). galactose. fucose). The same oligosaccharides also promoted the degradation, assayed viscometrically, of xyloglucan by an acidic cellulase from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) leaves. The oligosaccharides were highly active at 10(-4) molar, causing up to a fourfold increase in activity, but the effect was still detectable at 1 micromolar. Those oligosaccharides (XG8 and XG9n) which best promoted growth, stimulated cellulase activity to the greatest extent. The oligosaccharides did not stimulate the action of the cellulase in an assay based on the conversion of [(3)H]xyloglucan to ethanol-soluble fragments. This suggest that the oligosaccharides enhanced the midchain hydrolysis of xyloglucan molecules (which would rapidly reduce the viscosity of the solution), at the expense of cleavage near the termini (which would yield ethanol-soluble products). We suggest that the promotion of midchain xyloglucan cleavage, by loosening the primary cell wall matrix, explains the promotion of growth by the oligosaccharides.
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              Nueva versión de clasificación genética de los suelos de Cuba

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ctr
                Cultivos Tropicales
                cultrop
                Ediciones INCA (La Habana )
                1819-4087
                December 2010
                : 31
                : 4
                : 00
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto Nacional de Ciências Agrícolas Cuba
                Article
                S0258-59362010000400013
                c11e327a-9c4d-476d-873f-424276ddeaf2

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0258-5936&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
                AGRONOMY

                Agricultural engineering,Horticulture
                soybean,Bradyrhizobium japonicum,mycorrhizal fungus,biostimulant,soya,micorriza arbuscular,bioestimulante

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