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      Advocates of climate action? The age of members of parliament and their activity in legislative debates on climate change

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          Abstract

          Parliamentary debates are an important stage in the process of designing new policies and play an important role for discussing the policy reactions to exogenous events like the COVID-19 pandemic or long-term developments like climate change. We combine theories on vote-seeking strategies of political actors with theoretical accounts that highlight the impact of personal characteristics of politicians and argue that in particular younger Members of Parliament (MPs) should put more emphasis on issues related to climate change and its consequences than older MPs. We test our hypotheses on the basis of an original dataset covering all parliamentary debates that focus on issues related to climate change in the German Bundestag from 2013 until 2021, thus concentrating on a time period when climate change became a highly salient issue among the German public. We find that the age of MPs matters: the younger MPs are, the more speeches they contribute to parliamentary debates related to climate policy.

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          Text as Data: The Promise and Pitfalls of Automatic Content Analysis Methods for Political Texts

          Politics and political conflict often occur in the written and spoken word. Scholars have long recognized this, but the massive costs of analyzing even moderately sized collections of texts have hindered their use in political science research. Here lies the promise of automated text analysis: it substantially reduces the costs of analyzing large collections of text. We provide a guide to this exciting new area of research and show how, in many instances, the methods have already obtained part of their promise. But there are pitfalls to using automated methods—they are no substitute for careful thought and close reading and require extensive and problem-specific validation. We survey a wide range of new methods, provide guidance on how to validate the output of the models, and clarify misconceptions and errors in the literature. To conclude, we argue that for automated text methods to become a standard tool for political scientists, methodologists must contribute new methods and new methods of validation.
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            Women in Parliaments: Descriptive and Substantive Representation

            This essay reviews two research programs. The first focuses on variations in the number of women elected to national parliaments in the world (descriptive representation), and the second focuses on effects of women's presence in parliament (substantive representation). The theory of the politics of presence (Phillips 1995) provides reasons for expecting a link between descriptive and substantive representation. The safest position would be to say that results are “mixed” when it comes to empirical support for the theory of the politics of presence. However, when a large number of studies covering a wide set of indicators on the importance of gender in the parliamentary process are piled together, the picture that emerges shows that female politicians contribute to strengthening the position of women's interests.
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              Estimating Policy Positions from Political Texts

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                marc.debus@uni-mannheim.de
                noam.himmelrath@mzes.uni-mannheim.de
                Journal
                Clim Action
                Climate Action
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                2731-3263
                12 July 2022
                12 July 2022
                2022
                : 1
                : 1
                : 16
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.5601.2, ISNI 0000 0001 0943 599X, School of Social Sciences and Mannheim Centre for European Social Research, , University of Mannheim, ; A5, 6, 68131 Mannheim, Germany
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7151-7942
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-2572
                Article
                17
                10.1007/s44168-022-00017-2
                9274185
                c0cfacfc-0072-4d8a-8ac2-1572a1b085da
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 24 May 2022
                : 30 June 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft;
                Award ID: DE 1667/4-3
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Universität Mannheim (3157)
                Categories
                Research
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2022

                politics of climate change,parliamentary debates,german bundestag,age of members of parliament,representation

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