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      Tire pyrolysis wastewater treatment by a combined process of coagulation detoxification and biodegradation

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          Abstract

          Recycling waste tires through pyrolysis technology generates refractory wastewater, which is harmful to the environment if not disposed properly. In this study, a combined process of coagulation detoxification and biodegradation was used to treat tire pyrolysis wastewater. Organics removal characteristics at the molecular level were investigated using electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The results showed that nearly 90% of the organic matter from the wastewater was removed through the process. Preference of the two coagulants for different classes of organics in tire pyrolysis wastewater was observed. The covalently bound inorganic-organic hybrid coagulant (CBHyC) used in this work had a complementary relationship with biodegradation for the organics removal: this coagulant reduced toxicity and enhanced the biodegradation by preferentially removing refractory substances such as lignin with a high degree of oxidation (O/C > 0.3). This study provides molecular insight into the organics of tire pyrolysis wastewater removed by a combined treatment process, supporting the advancement and application of waste rubber recycling technology. It also contributes to the possible development of an effective treatment process for refractory wastewater.

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          Highlights

          • Tire pyrolysis wastewater was treated by a combined coagulation and biodegradation.

          • The combined process effectively removed COD, DOC, NH 4 +-N and TP.

          • Transformations of organics during the process were investigated by FT-ICR MS.

          • CBHyC enhanced the wastewater biodegradation by removing high O/C compounds.

          • The low O/C compounds were preferentially removed by the biodegradation process.

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          Most cited references46

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          A review on pyrolysis of biomass constituents: Mechanisms and composition of the products obtained from the conversion of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin

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            Natural organic matter removal by coagulation during drinking water treatment: a review.

            Natural organic matter (NOM) is found in all surface, ground and soil waters. An increase in the amount of NOM has been observed over the past 10-20 years in raw water supplies in several areas, which has a significant effect on drinking water treatment. The presence of NOM causes many problems in drinking water and drinking water treatment processes, including (i) negative effect on water quality by causing colour, taste and odor problems, (ii) increased coagulant and disinfectant doses (which in turn results in increased sludge volumes and production of harmful disinfection by-products), (iii) promoted biological growth in distribution system, and (iv) increased levels of complexed heavy metals and adsorbed organic pollutants. NOM can be removed from drinking water by several treatment options, of which the most common and economically feasible processes are considered to be coagulation and flocculation followed by sedimentation/flotation and sand filtration. Most of the NOM can be removed by coagulation, although, the hydrophobic fraction and high molar mass compounds of NOM are removed more efficiently than hydrophilic fraction and the low molar mass compounds. Thus, enhanced and/or optimized coagulation, as well as new process alternatives for the better removal of NOM by coagulation process has been suggested. In the present work, an overview of the recent research dealing with coagulation and flocculation in the removal of NOM from drinking water is presented.
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              Graphical method for analysis of ultrahigh-resolution broadband mass spectra of natural organic matter, the van Krevelen diagram.

              Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is becoming an important tool in the study of natural organic matter (NOM) at the molecular level. Ultrahigh-resolution ESI-MS analyses of NOM often produce very complicated spectra; therefore, visual presentation and structural interpretations of the spectra are difficult. To meet this analytical challenge, we herein propose and demonstrate an approach using the van Krevelen diagram. With this approach, complicated mass spectra can be visualized in a way that allows for (1) possible reaction pathways to be identified and presented, and (2) qualitative analyses on major classes of compounds that comprise ultrahigh-resolution spectra. The qualitative analyses are in a good agreement with results obtained from analyses by other analytical techniques. Additionally, the van Krevelen diagram can be expanded to a 3D plot by using peak intensities or relative intensities as the z-axis. The 3D van Krevelen diagram allows for an evaluation of the relative significance of structurally related compounds. The 3D plot can also be a useful tool for compositional differentiation among samples.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Environ Sci Ecotechnol
                Environ Sci Ecotechnol
                Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
                Elsevier
                2096-9643
                2666-4984
                07 October 2021
                October 2021
                07 October 2021
                : 8
                : 100129
                Affiliations
                [a ]Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
                [b ]College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266555, People's Republic of China
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. zhaohuazhang@ 123456pku.edu.cn
                [1]

                These authors contributed equally.

                Article
                S2666-4984(21)00053-3 100129
                10.1016/j.ese.2021.100129
                9488099
                c09e8dfa-24a0-4c14-86f7-3d78f14727b0
                © 2021 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 29 July 2021
                : 3 October 2021
                : 4 October 2021
                Categories
                Original Research

                refractory wastewater,molecular composition,recalcitrant substances,biodegradability,esi ft-icr ms

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