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      Evidência do cão como reservatório da leptospirose humana: isolamento de um sorovar, caracterização molecular e utilização em inquérito sorológico Translated title: Evidence of dog as a reservoir for human leptospirosis: a serovar isolation, molecular characterization and its use in a serological survey

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          Abstract

          A leptospirose canina é conhecida como enfermidade de Stuttgard desde 1898, sendo os cães, depois dos roedores, considerados como a segunda principal fonte de infecção para o homem. O isolamento de um sorovar patogênico da urina de um cão, laboratorial e clinicamente identificado como tendo leptospirose, e sua utilização para testar amostras de soro de casos de leptospirose humana e canina, evidenciou a sua importância no ecossistema da região sul do Brasil. Os resultados do teste de soroaglutinação microscópica indicaram que 100% das amostras de soro humano de 12 pacientes do banco de soro de 2001 do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, que haviam reagido com títulos que variaram de 25 a 3.200 para o sorovar canicola, e 72% das amostras de 105 soros caninos do mesmo banco de soro, também reagiram contra o novo isolado. O título médio e mediana dos soros humanos testados com a bateria de antígenos recomendada pela OMS, foi respectivamente 630 e 100, ao passo que os testados com o isolado foi de 1.823 e 400. Nos soros caninos, os títulos foram respectivamente de 347 e 100 para a bateria e de 1.088 e 200 para o isolado.

          Translated abstract

          Canine leptospirosis has been known as Stuttgart disease since 1898, and dogs are considered to be the second principal source of infection in man. The isolation of a pathogenic serovar from dog urine that was diagnosed clinically and laboratorial as having leptospirosis and its utilization to test serological samples of human and canine cases of leptospirosis, has demonstrated its importance to the ecosystem of the southern region of Brazil. The results of the serological microscopic agglutination test indicated that 100% of human serum samples from 12 patients from the serum bank of 2001 at the Center for Control of Zoonoses, that had titers between 25 and 3,200 with the canicola serovar, and 72% of 105 canine serum samples from the same serum bank, also reacted with the new isolate. The mean and median titers of the human serum samples tested with the battery of antigens recommended by WHO was 630 and 100 respectively, and when tested with the isolate it was 1,823 and 400. In the dog sera, the values were respectively 347 and 100 with the battery, and 1,088 and 200 with the isolate.

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          Most cited references32

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          Guidelines for the control of Leptospirosis

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            Diagnosis of leptospirosis: a reemerging disease of companion animals.

            C Bolin (1996)
            Canine leptospirosis has been known since 1899. Widespread use of canine leptospiral vaccines decreased the incidence of infection dramatically and reduced clinical attention to the disease. However, leptospirosis recently has reemerged as an important cause of febrile illness, and hepatic and renal disease in dogs. Feline leptospirosis is rare although the incidence of infection is higher than is recognized. Diagnosis of leptospirosis is difficult and no single diagnostic test provides optimal sensitivity or specificity. A combination of procedures, including serological assays and tests to detect the presence of leptospires in tissues or body fluids, is recommended.
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              Active surveillance and risk factors for leptospirosis in Hawaii.

              A clinic-hospital-based leptospirosis surveillance program was conducted to determine the morbidity and risk factors in nonepidemic settings. The study was conducted on two islands, Kauai and Hawaii (Big Island), in the state of Hawaii for one year during 1988 and 1989. An active, more comprehensive case detection system was used on the Big Island that enabled us to determine the incidence of clinical disease. Subjects from both islands were used to conduct a case-control study for risk factors. One hundred seventy-two subjects from the Big Island (who presented with any two of the following symptoms: fever, headache, myalgia, or nausea/vomiting) were enrolled in the study. Twenty cases were diagnosed by culture, serology, or fluorescent antibody tissue staining at autopsy. Six cases required hospitalization and two succumbed to fatal infections. We estimated that these cases represented an annual incidence rate of 128 per 100,000 person-years in our target population. For 33 cases, 77 controls were matched for island, age, sex, and time of onset of illness. Interviews were conducted retrospectively in a double-blinded fashion with cases and controls and evaluated approximately 30 risk factors. Factors that were associated most strongly with development of leptospirosis were household use of rainwater catchment systems (P = 0.003), presence of skin cuts during the incubation period (P = 0.008), contact with cattle or the urine of cattle (P = 0.05 and P = 0.03, respectively), and handling of animal tissues (P = 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rsbmt
                Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
                Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT (Uberaba )
                1678-9849
                August 2005
                : 38
                : 4
                : 294-300
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Pelotas Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Pelotas Brazil
                Article
                S0037-86822005000400003
                10.1590/S0037-86822005000400003
                16082474
                c0922760-8b13-475b-98e0-8a8ac107a94f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0037-8682&lng=en
                Categories
                TROPICAL MEDICINE

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Sorologia,PCR,Serology,Isolation,Leptospira,Isolamento
                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Sorologia, PCR, Serology, Isolation, Leptospira, Isolamento

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