Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity and Screen-Time in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Seven-Country Observational Study

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Abstract

This cross-sectional observational study sought to examine the environmental correlates of physical activity and screen-time among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parents of youth with ASD ( n = 1,165) from seven countries/regions provided responses to an online survey form measuring environmental correlates (i.e., physical activity neighborhood environment, social network, social trust and cohesion, bedroom media, social home environment) and outcomes (i.e., physical activity, screen-time). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to determine environmental predictors of the outcomes. Physical activity neighborhood environment (B = 0.15, p = 0.047), social network (B = 0.16, p = 0.02), and social home environment (B = 1.07, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with physical activity, whereas social trust and cohesion and bedroom media were not. Further, social trust and cohesion (B = -0.14, p = 0.001), bedroom media (B = 0.10, p = 0.001), and social home environment (B = -0.16, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with screen-time while neighborhood environment and social network were not. The identified environmental attributes of physical activity and screen-time behaviors should be targeted for health promotion among youth with ASD.

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Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents

Mercedes de Onis, Adelheid W Onyango, Elaine Borghi … (2007)

OBJECTIVE: To construct growth curves for school-aged children and adolescents that accord with the WHO Child Growth Standards for preschool children and the body mass index (BMI) cut-offs for adults. METHODS: Data from the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)/WHO growth reference (1-24 years) were merged with data from the under-fives growth standards' cross-sectional sample (18-71 months) to smooth the transition between the two samples. State-of-the-art statistical methods used to construct the WHO Child Growth Standards (0-5 years), i.e. the Box-Cox power exponential (BCPE) method with appropriate diagnostic tools for the selection of best models, were applied to this combined sample. FINDINGS: The merged data sets resulted in a smooth transition at 5 years for height-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age. For BMI-for-age across all centiles the magnitude of the difference between the two curves at age 5 years is mostly 0.0 kg/m² to 0.1 kg/m². At 19 years, the new BMI values at +1 standard deviation (SD) are 25.4 kg/m² for boys and 25.0 kg/m² for girls. These values are equivalent to the overweight cut-off for adults (> 25.0 kg/m²). Similarly, the +2 SD value (29.7 kg/m² for both sexes) compares closely with the cut-off for obesity (> 30.0 kg/m²). CONCLUSION: The new curves are closely aligned with the WHO Child Growth Standards at 5 years, and the recommended adult cut-offs for overweight and obesity at 19 years. They fill the gap in growth curves and provide an appropriate reference for the 5 to 19 years age group.

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An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs

K R McLeroy, D Bibeau, A Steckler … (1988)

During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in societal interest in preventing disability and death in the United States by changing individual behaviors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases. This renewed interest in health promotion and disease prevention has not been without its critics. Some critics have accused proponents of life-style interventions of promoting a victim-blaming ideology by neglecting the importance of social influences on health and disease. This article proposes an ecological model for health promotion which focuses attention on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health promotion interventions. It addresses the importance of interventions directed at changing interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy, factors which support and maintain unhealthy behaviors. The model assumes that appropriate changes in the social environment will produce changes in individuals, and that the support of individuals in the population is essential for implementing environmental changes.

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Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy.

R. Sampson, S W Raudenbush, F Earls (1997)

It is hypothesized that collective efficacy, defined as social cohesion among neighbors combined with their willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good, is linked to reduced violence. This hypothesis was tested on a 1995 survey of 8782 residents of 343 neighborhoods in Chicago, Illinois. Multilevel analyses showed that a measure of collective efficacy yields a high between-neighborhood reliability and is negatively associated with variations in violence, when individual-level characteristics, measurement error, and prior violence are controlled. Associations of concentrated disadvantage and residential instability with violence are largely mediated by collective efficacy.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Chunxiao Li:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-5029

chunxiao.li@m.scnu.edu.cn , cxlilee@outlook.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Autism Dev Disord

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Autism Dev Disord

Title: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Publisher: Springer US (New York )

ISSN (Print): 0162-3257

ISSN (Electronic): 1573-3432

Publication date (Electronic): 27 February 2023

Pages: 1-9

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.261368.8, ISNI 0000 0001 2164 3177, Department of Human Movement Sciences, , Old Dominion University, ; Norfolk, USA

[2 ]GRID grid.261368.8, ISNI 0000 0001 2164 3177, Center for Movement, Health, & Disability, , Old Dominion University, ; Norfolk, USA

[3 ]GRID grid.419993.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 6254, Department of Health and Physical Education, , The Education University of Hong Kong, ; Hong Kong SAR, China

[4 ]GRID grid.263785.d, ISNI 0000 0004 0368 7397, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, , South China Normal University, ; 51006 Guangzhou, China

[5 ]GRID grid.263785.d, ISNI 0000 0004 0368 7397, Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, , South China Normal University, ; Guangzhou, China

[6 ]Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Finland

[7 ]GRID grid.1374.1, ISNI 0000 0001 2097 1371, Faculty of Education, , University of Turku, ; Turku, Finland

[8 ]GRID grid.9668.1, ISNI 0000 0001 0726 2490, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, , University of Eastern Finland, ; Kuopio, Finland

[9 ]GRID grid.186587.5, ISNI 0000 0001 0722 3678, Department of Kinesiology, , San José State University, ; San Jose, USA

[10 ]SportCares, Sport Singapore, Singapore

[11 ]GRID grid.411087.b, ISNI 0000 0001 0723 2494, Faculty of Physical Education, , University of Campinas, ; São Paulo, Brazil

[12 ]GRID grid.443819.3, ISNI 0000 0004 1791 9611, Department of Adapted Physical Education, , Baekseok University, ; Cheonan, South Korea

[13 ]GRID grid.411503.2, ISNI 0000 0000 9271 2478, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, , Fujian Normal University, ; Fuzhou, China

[14 ]GRID grid.462738.c, ISNI 0000 0000 9091 4551, School of Sports, Health and Leisure, , Republic Polytechnic, ; Singapore, Singapore

[15 ]GRID grid.9681.6, ISNI 0000 0001 1013 7965, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, , University of Jyväskylä, ; Jyväskylä, Finland

[16 ]GRID grid.221309.b, ISNI 0000 0004 1764 5980, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, , Hong Kong Baptist University, ; Hong Kong SAR, China

[17 ]GRID grid.15596.3e, ISNI 0000000102380260, School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, , Dublin City University, ; Dublin, Ireland

[18 ]GRID grid.256304.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7400, College of Education & Human Development, , Georgia State University, ; Atlanta, USA

[19 ]GRID grid.1013.3, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 834X, Sydney School of Public Health, , The University of Sydney, ; Melbourne, Australia

Author information

Chunxiao Li http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-5029

Article

Publisher ID: 5918

DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05918-7

PMC ID: 9970125

PubMed ID: 36849839

SO-VID: beb64f1a-84ce-4763-b8b0-c46fbb085b00

Copyright © © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

History

Date accepted : 1 February 2023

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100012456, National Social Science Fund of China;

Award ID: 20BTY027

Award ID: 22BTY062

Award Recipient : Chunxiao Li Yandan Wu

Funded by: US Department of Education

Award ID: H325H190001

Award Recipient : Justin A. Haegele Sean Healy

Funded by: The Education University of Hong Kong

Award ID: 02140; 04585

Award Recipient : Fenghua Sun

Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity and Screen-Time in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Seven-Country Observational Study

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Most cited references 38

Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents

An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs

Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy.

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