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      A Reduced Ratio of Dietary Carbohydrate to Protein Improves Body Composition and Blood Lipid Profiles during Weight Loss in Adult Women

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          Abstract

          Claims about the merits or risks of carbohydrate (CHO) vs. protein for weight loss diets are extensive, yet the ideal ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein for adult health and weight management remains unknown. This study examined the efficacy of two weight loss diets with modified CHO/protein ratios to change body composition and blood lipids in adult women. Women (n = 24; 45 to 56 y old) with body mass indices >26 kg/m(2) were assigned to either a CHO Group consuming a diet with a CHO/protein ratio of 3.5 (68 g protein/d) or a Protein Group with a ratio of 1.4 (125 g protein/d). Diets were isoenergetic, providing 7100 kJ/d, and similar amounts of fat ( approximately 50 g/d). After consuming the diets for 10 wk, the CHO Group lost 6.96 +/- 1.36 kg body weight and the Protein Group lost 7.53 +/- 1.44 kg. Weight loss in the Protein Group was partitioned to a significantly higher loss of fat/lean (6.3 +/- 1.2 g/g) compared with the CHO Group (3.8 +/- 0.9). Both groups had significant reductions in serum cholesterol ( approximately 10%), whereas the Protein Group also had significant reductions in triacylglycerols (TAG) (21%) and the ratio of TAG/HDL cholesterol (23%). Women in the CHO Group had higher insulin responses to meals and postprandial hypoglycemia, whereas women in the Protein Group reported greater satiety. This study demonstrates that increasing the proportion of protein to carbohydrate in the diet of adult women has positive effects on body composition, blood lipids, glucose homeostasis and satiety during weight loss.

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          Dietary protein intake and the progressive nature of kidney disease: the role of hemodynamically mediated glomerular injury in the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular sclerosis in aging, renal ablation, and intrinsic renal disease.

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            Increasing Prevalence of Overweight Among US Adults

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              Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The Journal of Nutrition
                Oxford University Press (OUP)
                0022-3166
                1541-6100
                February 2003
                February 01 2003
                February 2003
                February 01 2003
                : 133
                : 2
                : 411-417
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
                [2 ]Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
                [3 ]Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
                Article
                10.1093/jn/133.2.411
                12566476
                bdbdedb7-537d-4352-998e-86d3cb560dab
                © 2003
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