Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Entrapping Natural Bioactive Compounds for Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Challenges

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Abstract

Cancer is a prominent cause of mortality globally, and it becomes fatal and incurable if it is delayed in diagnosis. Chemotherapy is a type of treatment that is used to eliminate, diminish, or restrict tumor progression. Chemotherapeutic medicines are available in various formulations. Some tumors require just one type of chemotherapy medication, while others may require a combination of surgery and/or radiotherapy. Treatments might last from a few minutes to many hours to several days. Each medication has potential adverse effects associated with it. Researchers have recently become interested in the use of natural bioactive compounds in anticancer therapy. Some phytochemicals have effects on cellular processes and signaling pathways with potential antitumor properties. Beneficial anticancer effects of phytochemicals were observed in both in vivo and in vitro investigations. Encapsulating natural bioactive compounds in different drug delivery methods may improve their anticancer efficacy. Greater in vivo stability and bioavailability, as well as a reduction in undesirable effects and an enhancement in target-specific activity, will increase the effectiveness of bioactive compounds. This review work focuses on a novel drug delivery system that entraps natural bioactive substances. It also provides an idea of the bioavailability of phytochemicals, challenges and limitations of standard cancer therapy. It also encompasses recent patents on nanoparticle formulations containing a natural anti-cancer molecule.

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Estimating the global cancer incidence and mortality in 2018: GLOBOCAN sources and methods

J Ferlay, M Colombet, I Soerjomataram … (2018)

Estimates of the worldwide incidence and mortality from 36 cancers and for all cancers combined for the year 2018 are now available in the GLOBOCAN 2018 database, compiled and disseminated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This paper reviews the sources and methods used in compiling the cancer statistics in 185 countries. The validity of the national estimates depends upon the representativeness of the source information, and to take into account possible sources of bias, uncertainty intervals are now provided for the estimated sex- and site-specific all-ages number of new cancer cases and cancer deaths. We briefly describe the key results globally and by world region. There were an estimated 18.1 million (95% UI: 17.5-18.7 million) new cases of cancer (17 million excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) and 9.6 million (95% UI: 9.3-9.8 million) deaths from cancer (9.5 million excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) worldwide in 2018.

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Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

Jaison Jeevanandam, Ahmed Barhoum, Yen S Chan … (2018)

Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. NMs are categorized depending on their size, composition, shape, and origin. The ability to predict the unique properties of NMs increases the value of each classification. Due to increased growth of production of NMs and their industrial applications, issues relating to toxicity are inevitable. The aim of this review is to compare synthetic (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) to identify their nanoscale properties and to define the specific knowledge gaps related to the risk assessment of NPs and NSMs in the environment. The review presents an overview of the history and classifications of NMs and gives an overview of the various sources of NPs and NSMs, from natural to synthetic, and their toxic effects towards mammalian cells and tissue. Additionally, the types of toxic reactions associated with NPs and NSMs and the regulations implemented by different countries to reduce the associated risks are also discussed.

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Liposomes as nanomedical devices

Giuseppina Bozzuto, Agnese Molinari (2015)

Since their discovery in the 1960s, liposomes have been studied in depth, and they continue to constitute a field of intense research. Liposomes are valued for their biological and technological advantages, and are considered to be the most successful drug-carrier system known to date. Notable progress has been made, and several biomedical applications of liposomes are either in clinical trials, are about to be put on the market, or have already been approved for public use. In this review, we briefly analyze how the efficacy of liposomes depends on the nature of their components and their size, surface charge, and lipidic organization. Moreover, we discuss the influence of the physicochemical properties of liposomes on their interaction with cells, half-life, ability to enter tissues, and final fate in vivo. Finally, we describe some strategies developed to overcome limitations of the “first-generation” liposomes, and liposome-based drugs on the market and in clinical trials.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Vivek P. Chavda: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1287549

Aayushi B. Patel: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1628091

Zhuo-Xun Wu: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/873564

Zhe-Sheng Chen: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/98730

Kaijian Hou: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/559773

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Oncol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Oncol

Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Oncol.

Title: Frontiers in Oncology

Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.

ISSN (Electronic): 2234-943X

Publication date (Electronic): 29 March 2022

Publication date Collection: 2022

Volume: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: 867655

Affiliations

[1] ¹ Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy , Ahmedabad, India

[2] ² Pharmacy Section, L.M. College of Pharmacy , Ahmedabad, India

[3] ³ Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University , New York, NY, United States

[4] ⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine，Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, China

[5] ⁵ Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Longhu Hospital, The First Afliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, China

Author notes

Edited by: Peixin Dong, Hokkaido University, Japan

Reviewed by: Jianxiang Li, Soochow University Medical College, China; Shanzhi Wang, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, United States; Zhaoliang Li, University of Utah, United States

*Correspondence: Vivek P. Chavda, Vivek7chavda@ 123456gmail.com ; Zhe-Sheng Chen, Chenz@ 123456stjohns.edu ; Kaijian Hou, kaijianhou@ 123456126.com

This article was submitted to Pharmacology of Anti-Cancer Drugs, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology

†ORCID: Vivek P. Chavda, orcid.org/0000-0002-7701-8597; Zhe-Sheng Chen, orcid.org/0000-0002-8289-097X; Kaijian Hou, orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-0068; Aayushi B. Patel, orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-4369; Kavya J. Mistry, orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-3144; Suresh F. Suthar, orcid.org/0000-0002-3588-880X

‡These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

Article

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.867655

PMC ID: 9004605

PubMed ID: 35425710

SO-VID: bdbbb9b7-a901-45ee-bbb8-92e37278ee34

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

History

Date received : 01 February 2022

Date accepted : 24 February 2022

Page count

Figures: 2, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 277, Pages: 28, Words: 13363

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Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Entrapping Natural Bioactive Compounds for Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Challenges

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Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 276

Estimating the global cancer incidence and mortality in 2018: GLOBOCAN sources and methods

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

Liposomes as nanomedical devices

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