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      Relationship between occlusal force and falls among community-dwelling elderly in Japan: a cross-sectional correlative study

      research-article
      1 , 2 ,
      BMC Geriatrics
      BioMed Central
      Community-dwelling elderly, Falls, Occlusal force, Public health nurses

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          Abstract

          Background

          Falls may cause serious health conditions among older population. Fall-related physical factors are thought to be associated with occlusal conditions. However, few studies examined the relationship between occlusal force and falls. To identify the association between occlusal force and falls among community-dwelling elderly individuals in Japan, public health nurses conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study.

          Methods

          We performed extensive physical assessments of five items: maximum occlusal force, handgrip strength, maximal knee extensor strength, one-leg standing time with eyes open and body sway. We also conducted a questionnaire survey concerning the participants’ demographic characteristics, health status and fall experience during the past year. Mean scores and standard deviations were calculated for age and the total points of the index of activities of daily living. Associations were examined using Mann-Whitney tests and logistic regression.

          Results

          We examined 159 community-dwelling people aged ≥65 years, who were independent and active, including 38 participants (24.5%) with experience of falls in the past year. Maximum occlusal force had significant correlation with handgrip strength, maximal knee extensor strength, and one-leg standing time and body sway ( P < .05, respectively). We found weak associations between participants with and without a history of falls in terms of the five physical measurements. Logistic regression analysis showed that fall experience was significantly associated with maximum occlusal force ( P = 0.004).

          Conclusions

          This is the first study, led by public health nursing researchers, to examine the associations between maximum occlusal force and falls among community-dwelling elderly in Japan. The results showed that maximum occlusal force was significantly related to the other four extensive physical assessments, and might also suggest that maximum occlusal force assessment by public health nurses could contribute to more sophisticated and precise prediction of fall risks among the community-dwelling elderly. The latest occlusal force measurement device is non-invasive and easy to use. Public health nurses can introduce it at periodical community health checkup assembly events, which might contribute to raising awareness among community-dwelling elderly individuals and public health nurses about fall prevention and prediction.

          Electronic supplementary material

          The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0805-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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          Most cited references27

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Guideline for the prevention of falls in older persons. American Geriatrics Society, British Geriatrics Society, and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Panel on Falls Prevention.

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            The role of calcium supplementation in healthy musculoskeletal ageing : An expert consensus meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Foundation for Osteoporosis (IOF).

            The place of calcium supplementation, with or without concomitant vitamin D supplementation, has been much debated in terms of both efficacy and safety. There have been numerous trials and meta-analyses of supplementation for fracture reduction, and associations with risk of myocardial infarction have been suggested in recent years. In this report, the product of an expert consensus meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Foundation for Osteoporosis (IOF), we review the evidence for the value of calcium supplementation, with or without vitamin D supplementation, for healthy musculoskeletal ageing. We conclude that (1) calcium and vitamin D supplementation leads to a modest reduction in fracture risk, although population-level intervention has not been shown to be an effective public health strategy; (2) supplementation with calcium alone for fracture reduction is not supported by the literature; (3) side effects of calcium supplementation include renal stones and gastrointestinal symptoms; (4) vitamin D supplementation, rather than calcium supplementation, may reduce falls risk; and (5) assertions of increased cardiovascular risk consequent to calcium supplementation are not convincingly supported by current evidence. In conclusion, we recommend, on the basis of the current evidence, that calcium supplementation, with concomitant vitamin D supplementation, is supported for patients at high risk of calcium and vitamin D insufficiency, and in those who are receiving treatment for osteoporosis.
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              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Maximum occlusal force and physical performance in the oldest old: the Tokyo oldest old survey on total health.

              To elucidate the independent relationship between masticatory and physical performance in community-living oldest old people (mean age ± standard deviation 87.8 ± 2.2, range 85-102).
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                etou@frontier-u.jp
                (81)97-586-4480 , miyauchi@oita-nhs.ac.jp
                Journal
                BMC Geriatr
                BMC Geriatr
                BMC Geriatrics
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2318
                9 May 2018
                9 May 2018
                2018
                : 18
                : 111
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.443136.7, Department of Public Health Nursing, , Ube Frontier University, ; Ube, Japan
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0375 3710, GRID grid.444555.1, Division of Linguistics, Department of Health Sciences, , Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, ; 2944-9 Megusuno, Oita, 870-1201 Japan
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8787-7312
                Article
                805
                10.1186/s12877-018-0805-4
                5944160
                29743029
                bd6a452d-061b-4ffa-803c-473293608d76
                © The Author(s). 2018

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 15 January 2018
                : 3 May 2018
                Funding
                Funded by: the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture
                Award ID: C-244593455
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Geriatric medicine
                community-dwelling elderly,falls,occlusal force,public health nurses
                Geriatric medicine
                community-dwelling elderly, falls, occlusal force, public health nurses

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