Synthesis of TiO <sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and demonstration of their antagonistic properties against selected dental caries promoting bacteria

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Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate antagonistic role of titanium oxide nanoparticles against selected dental caries promoting bacteria.

Methods:

This in vitro-experimental study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), National Institute of Health (NIH) and School of Dentistry (SOD), Islamabad for the period of one year from February 2022 to January 2023. Modified hydrothermal heating method was used to prepare titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO ₂Nps). Size, shape, phase, band gap energy, surface and elemental composition of Nps were deciphered by application of various modern techniques including x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Antimicrobial action of nanoparticles was evaluated against representatives of gram-positive (mono-derm) and Gram negative bacteria (di-derm) responsible for promoting dental caries. The zones of inhibition were calculated by disc diffusion method for each bacterial strain.

Results:

Characterization revealed that TiO ₂Nps were having an average size of 54nm, showing anatase-rutile phase having spherical, with very few- irregularly shaped particles. TiO ₂Nps contained only pure titanium and oxygen in the EDX image but organic compounds in FTIR scan. Results of antimicrobial action indicated their potent bactericidal action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20mm), Escherichia coli (19mm) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (19nm) while comparatively less activity against Staphylococcus aureus (16mm)..

Conclusion:

TiO ₂Nps fabricated by modified protocol displayed an effective antimicrobial activity and can be used as an alternative to the contemporary chemotherapeutics against selected bacterial pathogens to prevent dental caries.

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Green Nanobiotechnology: Factors Affecting Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Jayanta Patra, Kwang-Hyun Baek (2014)

Nanobiotechnology is gaining tremendous impetus in this era owing to its ability to modulate metals into their nanosize, which efficiently changes their chemical, physical, and optical properties. Accordingly, considerable attention is being given to the development of novel strategies for the synthesis of different kinds of nanoparticles of specific composition and size using biological sources. However, most of the currently available techniques are expensive, environmentally harmful, and inefficient with respect to materials and energy use. Several factors such as the method used for synthesis, pH, temperature, pressure, time, particle size, pore size, environment, and proximity greatly influence the quality and quantity of the synthesized nanoparticles and their characterization and applications. Additionally, characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles is essential to their potential use in various drug delivery and biomedical applications. The present review highlights various parameters affecting the synthesis of nanoparticles by green nanobiotechnology and different techniques used for characterizing the nanoparticles for their potential use in biomedical and environmental applications.

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Biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Ruellia tuberosa: Antimicrobial properties and their applications in photocatalytic degradation

Seerangaraj Vasantharaj, Selvam Sathiyavimal, Palanisamy Senthilkumar … (2018)

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is one of the promising, ecofriendly and safer methods. Utilizing plant sources as reducing agents will replace the use of toxic chemicals for nanoparticle synthesis. In the present study FeONPs were synthesized using Ruellia tuberosa (RT) leaf aqueous extract, further characterization of FeONPs was performed using UV-vis spectroscopy analysis showing visible peak at 405 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) proved the presence of Fe metallic ions. The structural characteristic using Field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed hexagonal nanorods with agglomeration. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) calculated the average size of FeONPs around 52.78 nm and differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) proved the stability of FeONPs till higher temperature of 165.52 °C. As an application part, the synthesized FeONPs showed potential antibacterial activity as individual and incorporating material over cotton fabrics against Gram negative and Gram positive pathogens. FeONPs showed higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and lesser antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The photocatalytic ability of the synthesized FeONPs was demonstrated by the degrading crystal violet dye under solar irradiation upto 80%. Thus, FeONPs synthesized using Ruellia tuberosa could play a vital role in killing the bacterial pathogens and degrading dye for the bioremediation of wastewater from industrial and domestic sources.

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Antimicrobial activity of Titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide nanoparticles supported in 4A zeolite and evaluation the morphological characteristic

Maryam Azizi-Lalabadi, Ali Ehsani, Baharak Divband … (2019)

In this study, the antimicrobial activity of titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles supported into 4A zeolite (4A z) was assessed. Based on antimicrobial experiments, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) and disc diffusion test were determined after 24 h of contact with the prepared nanocomposites. These results are in agreements with the results of disc diffusion test. During the experiments, the numbers of viable bacterial cells of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 decreased significantly. The crystallinity and morphology of nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), elemental mapping at the microstructural level by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, it was demonstrated that TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles supported in 4A zeolite could lead to an optimum activity as antimicrobial agents.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Pak J Med Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Pak J Med Sci

Title: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences

Publisher: Professional Medical Publications (Pakistan )

ISSN (Print): 1682-024X

ISSN (Electronic): 1681-715X

Publication date (Print): Sep-Oct 2023

Volume: 39

Issue: 5

Pages: 1249-1254

Affiliations

[1 ]Afsheen Mansoor, Associate Professor, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

[2 ]Mazhar Mehmood Professor, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied, Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan

[3 ]Muhammad Ishtiaq Associate Professor, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

[4 ]Asif Jamal Associate Professor, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Author notes

Correspondence: Asif Jamal, PhD (Microbiology) Associate Professor, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Email: asifjamal@ 123456qau.edu.pk

Article

Publisher ID: PJMS-39-1249

DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.5.7851

PMC ID: 10480710

PubMed ID: 37680828

SO-VID: bcd756c2-2f26-4906-a360-23fdc1bcdf15

License:

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 13 March 2023

Date revision received : 25 March 2023

Date revision received : 09 May 2023

Date accepted : 28 May 2023

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