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      Acupuntura na Atenção Primária à Saúde: referenciais tradicional e médico-científico na prática cotidiana Translated title: Acupuncture in Primary Health Care: traditional and medical-scientific approaches in everyday practice Translated title: Acupuntura en la Atención Primaria de la Salud: referenciales tradicional y médico-científico en la práctica cotidiana

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          Abstract

          A acupuntura é a prática integrativa e complementar mais utilizada nos países ocidentais e com maior institucionalização nos sistemas públicos de saúde. Considerando que a medicina chinesa/acupuntura foi absorvida pela prática biomédica na diáspora de seu conhecimento para o Ocidente, questiona-se se suas características autóctones de cuidado continuam presentes na sua aplicação clínica na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Investigou-se qual referencial de cuidado orientava todos os profissionais com formação em Acupuntura (n = 21) da rede básica de saúde de Campinas/SP, Brasil. Todos os entrevistados foram formados nos métodos tradicionais da Acupuntura, atuavam por meio desse referencial, diferenciavam-no da Biomedicina. A acupuntura foi considerada eficaz para atender à integralidade das demandas de cuidado e para a diminuição do uso de fármacos. Porém, constataram-se significativas dificuldades estruturais na oferta da prática da acupuntura.

          Translated abstract

          Acupuncture is the most used integrative and complementary practice in western countries and is widely incorporated into public health systems. Considering that Chinese medicine/acupuncture was absorbed by biomedical practice during the diaspora of this type of knowledge in the West, we question whether its autochthonous care characteristics remain present in its clinical application in primary health care. We investigated which care approach guides professionals with training in acupuncture (n = 21) working in primary care services in Campinas/SP, Brazil. All the interviewees trained in traditional methods of acupuncture adopted this approach, differentiating it from biomedicine. Acupuncture was considered effective in meeting the demands of comprehensive care and reducing the use of pharmaceuticals. However, the respondents reported significant structural difficulties in providing acupuncture in primary care services.

          Translated abstract

          La acupuntura es la práctica integradora y complementaria más utilizada en los países occidentales y con mayor institucionalización en los sistemas públicos de salud. Considerando que la medicina china/acupuntura fue absorbida por la práctica biomédica en la diáspora de su conocimiento hacia el occidente, se cuestiona si sus características autóctonas de cuidado continúan presentes en su aplicación clínica en la atención primaria de la salud (APS). Se investigó cuál era el referente de cuidado que orientaba a todos los profesionales con formación en acupuntura (n = 21) de la red básica de salud de Campinas/SP, Brasil. Todos los entrevistados se habían formado en los métodos tradicionales de la acupuntura, actuaban por medio de este referente y lo diferenciaban de la biomedicina. La acupuntura se consideró eficaz para atender la integralidad de las demandas de cuidado y para la disminución del uso de fármacos. Sin embargo, se constataron significativas dificultades estructurales en la oferta de la práctica de la acupuntura.

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          A biomedicina

          A construção teórica de categorias nosológicas desempenha um papel fundamental para a racionalidade médica. Estruturado a partir dos modelos de cientificidade oriundos do desenvolvimento da Física clássica, o saber médico apresenta-se, contudo, como um agregado irregular de disciplinas no qual muitas das noções fundamentais são implícitas, levando ao surgimento de contradições insuperáveis no seu interior e na sua relação com a prática. Este trabalho analisa em detalhe alguns dos pressupostos dessa racionalidade, procurando explicitar os obstáculos que estes produzem para que se alcancem os objetivos éticos da prática terapêutica.
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            The Sociology of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine

            Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and traditional medicine (TM) are important social phenomena. This article reviews the sociological literature on the topic. First, it addresses the question of terminology, arguing that the naming process is a glimpse into the complexities of power and history that characterize the field. Second, focusing on the last 15 years of scholarship, it considers how sociological research on users and practitioners of TM/CAM has developed in that time. Third, it addresses two newer strands of work termed here the ‘big picture’ and the ‘big question’. The big picture includes concepts that offer interpretation of what is happening at a societal level to constrain and enable observed patterns of social practice (pluralism, integration, hybridity and activism). The big question, ‘Does it work?’, is one of epistemology and focuses on two developing fields of critical enquiry – first, social critiques of medical science knowledge production and, second, attempts to explain the nature of interventions, i.e. how they work. Finally, the article examines the role of sociology moving forward.
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              A filosofia à venda, a douta ignorância e a aposta de Pascal

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                icse
                Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação
                Interface (Botucatu)
                UNESP (Botucatu, SP, Brazil )
                1414-3283
                1807-5762
                2022
                : 26
                : e210654
                Affiliations
                [03] Campinas São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Campinas orgdiv1FCM orgdiv2Departamento de Saúde Coletiva Brazil
                [02] Florianópolis Santa Catarina orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina orgdiv1Departamento de Saúde Pública Brazil
                [01] Campinas São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Campinas orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências Médicas orgdiv2Departamento de Saúde Coletiva Brazil
                Article
                S1414-32832022000100232 S1414-3283(22)02600000232
                10.1590/interface.210654
                bb7edcca-adaa-4fbe-b468-e9d7ba68ad9d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 March 2022
                : 27 September 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
                Artigos

                Atenção Primária à Saúde,Medicina chinesa tradicional,Acupuntura,Primary Health Care,Traditional Chinese Medicine,Acupuncture,Atención Primaria de la Salud,Medicina China Tradicional

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