2
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Successful implementation of modern critical care in the low-resources country Bosnia and Herzegovina : Single-center experience Translated title: Erfolgreiche Implementierung moderner intensivmedizinischer Versorgung im ressourcenarmen Land Bosnien-Herzegowina : Erfahrungen aus einem Zentrum

      review-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Critical care medicine is a relatively young discipline, developed in the mid-1950s in response to the outbreak of poliomyelitis. The mass application of mechanical ventilation and its subsequent technical advancement helped manage large numbers of patients with respiratory failure. This branch of medicine evolved much faster in high-income (HIC) than low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Seventy years later, mankind’s encounter with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents another major challenge for critical care medicine especially in LMIC countries where over two thirds of the world population live.

          Methods

          Systematic analysis of written documents related to the establishment of the first multidisciplinary medical intensive care unit (MICU) in Bosnia and Herzegovina and its development to the present day.

          Results

          We describe the experience of setting up a modern critical care program under LMIC constraints as a promising way forward to meet the increased worldwide demand for critical care. Successful development is contingent on formal education and continued mentorship from HIC, establishment of a multidisciplinary team, the support from local health care authorities, development of a formal subspecialty training, academic faculty development, and research. Novel technologies including tele-education provide additional opportunities for rapid development and dissemination of critical care medicine programs in LMIC.

          Conclusion

          Critical care medicine is a critical public health need in HIC and LMIC alike. The challenges associated with the coronavirus pandemic should serve as a wakeup call for rapid development of critical care programs around the world.

          Translated abstract

          Hintergrund

          Die Intensivmedizin ist eine relativ junge Disziplin, sie entstand Mitte der 1950er-Jahre als Reaktion auf einen Poliomyelitisausbruch. Dank der breiten Anwendung der maschinellen Beatmung und der anschließenden technischen Weiterentwicklung gelang es, eine große Anzahl von Patienten mit Ateminsuffizienz zu behandeln. Dieser Zweig der Medizin entwickelte sich in Ländern mit hohem Einkommen („high income countries“, HIC) viel schneller als in Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem („low- and middle-income countries“, LMIC). Siebzig Jahre später stellt die Begegnung der Menschheit mit der Erkrankung durch das Coronavirus (COVID-19) eine weitere große Herausforderung für die Intensivmedizin dar, insbesondere in LMIC-Ländern, in denen mehr zwei Drittel der Weltbevölkerung leben.

          Methoden

          Systematische Analyse von schriftlichen Dokumenten im Zusammenhang mit der Einrichtung der ersten multidisziplinären medizinischen Intensivstation (MICU) in Bosnien-Herzegowina und ihrer Entwicklung bis zum heutigen Tag.

          Ergebnisse

          Wir beschreiben unsere Erfahrungen beim Aufbau eines modernen Intensivmedizinprogramms unter LMIC-Bedingungen als einen vielversprechenden Weg, um den weltweit steigenden Bedarf an intensivmedizinischer Versorgung zu decken. Die erfolgreiche weitere Etablierung hängt ab von der formalen Ausbildung und einem kontinuierlichen Mentoring durch das HIC, dem Aufbau eines multidisziplinären Teams, der Unterstützung durch die regionalen Gesundheitseinrichtungen, der Implementierung einer strukturierten Weiterbildung, der Forschung und dem Aufbau eines akademischen Dozententeams. Innovative Technologien, wie z.B. die Teleausbildung, eröffnen zusätzliche Möglichkeiten für eine schnelle Entwicklung und Verbreitung der Intensivmedizin in LMIC.

          Schlussfolgerung

          In HIC wie in LMIC zählt die Intensivmedizin zu den entscheidenden Public-Health-Bedarfen. Die mit der Coronavirus-Pandemie verbundenen Herausforderungen sollten daher wahrgenommen werden als ein Weckruf für die rasche Entwicklung der intensivmedizinischen Versorgung weltweit.

          Related collections

          Most cited references17

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations

          Summary As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads across the world, the intensive care unit (ICU) community must prepare for the challenges associated with this pandemic. Streamlining of workflows for rapid diagnosis and isolation, clinical management, and infection prevention will matter not only to patients with COVID-19, but also to health-care workers and other patients who are at risk from nosocomial transmission. Management of acute respiratory failure and haemodynamics is key. ICU practitioners, hospital administrators, governments, and policy makers must prepare for a substantial increase in critical care bed capacity, with a focus not just on infrastructure and supplies, but also on staff management. Critical care triage to allow the rationing of scarce ICU resources might be needed. Researchers must address unanswered questions, including the role of repurposed and experimental therapies. Collaboration at the local, regional, national, and international level offers the best chance of survival for the critically ill.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults

            Summary Critical care has evolved from treatment of poliomyelitis victims with respiratory failure in an intensive care unit to treatment of severely ill patients irrespective of location or specific technology. Population-based studies in the developed world suggest that the burden of critical illness is higher than generally appreciated and will increase as the population ages. Critical care capacity has long been needed in the developing world, and efforts to improve the care of the critically ill in these settings are starting to occur. Expansion of critical care to handle the consequences of an ageing population, natural disasters, conflict, inadequate primary care, and higher-risk medical therapies will be challenged by high costs at a time of economic constraint. To meet this challenge, investigators in this discipline will need to measure the global burden of critical illness and available critical-care resources, and develop both preventive and therapeutic interventions that are generalisable across countries.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The variability of critical care bed numbers in Europe.

              To quantify the numbers of critical care beds in Europe and to understand the differences in these numbers between countries when corrected for population size and gross domestic product. Prospective data collection of critical care bed numbers for each country in Europe from July 2010 to July 2011. Sources were identified in each country that could provide data on numbers of critical care beds (intensive care and intermediate care). These data were then cross-referenced with data from international databases describing population size and age, gross domestic product (GDP), expenditure on healthcare and numbers of acute care beds. We identified 2,068,892 acute care beds and 73,585 (2.8 %) critical care beds. Due to the heterogeneous descriptions of these beds in the individual countries it was not possible to discriminate between intensive care and intermediate care in most cases. On average there were 11.5 critical care beds per 100,000 head of population, with marked differences between countries (Germany 29.2, Portugal 4.2). The numbers of critical care beds per country corrected for population size were positively correlated with GDP (r(2) = 0.16, p = 0.05), numbers of acute care beds corrected for population (r(2) = 0.12, p = 0.05) and the percentage of acute care beds designated as critical care (r(2) = 0.59, p < 0.0001). They were not correlated with the proportion of GDP expended on healthcare. Critical care bed numbers vary considerably between countries in Europe. Better understanding of these numbers should facilitate improved planning for critical care capacity and utilization in the future.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                peko051@yahoo.com
                Journal
                Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed
                Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed
                Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin Und Notfallmedizin
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                2193-6218
                2193-6226
                24 January 2021
                : 1-6
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Clinical Centre of Republic of Srpska and Medical School of Banja Luka, Dvanaest beba bb, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
                [2 ]GRID grid.7700.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2190 4373, Medical faculty, , University of Heidelberg, ; Heidelberg, Germany
                [3 ]GRID grid.66875.3a, ISNI 0000 0004 0459 167X, Department of Medicine, , Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic, ; Rochester, MN USA
                Author notes
                [Redaktion]

                M. Buerke, Siegen

                Article
                778
                10.1007/s00063-021-00778-4
                7829032
                33491107
                bb2f97fb-1f58-4d2c-a1dc-36f9210ddcd7
                © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2021

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                : 27 October 2020
                : 28 November 2020
                : 15 December 2020
                Categories
                Übersichten

                critical care medicine,low-middle-income countries,development,intensive care medicine,covid-19,intensivmedizinische versorgung,staaten mit niedrigem und mittlerem einkommen,entwicklung,intensivmedizin

                Comments

                Comment on this article