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      Cáncer de mama metastático estudio de serie de casos: Instituto Nacional Oncología y Radiobiología 2000-2003 Translated title: Cancer of breast metastático study of series of cases: National institute Oncology and Radiobiología 2000-2003

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          Abstract

          Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de las pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama metastásico atendidas en el INOR, de enero 2000 a diciembre 2003. Nuestro universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 930 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama y la muestra de 209 pacientes con cáncer de mama metastásico. La frecuencia del cáncer de mama metastásico fue de 22,5% y el grupo de edades que predominó fue el de 50-59 años. Se observó un predominio del estadio III, tamaño tumoral T2, y afectación ganglionar de 1-3 ganglios positivos. El tipo de recaída más frecuente fue a distancia y dentro de ellas las de localización visceral, siendo el pulmón el órgano más afectado. Como primer sitio de recaída, predominaron las metástasis en partes blandas; se usó como tratamiento más frecuente la quimioterapia como modalidad única o combinada. Los resultados sugieren que, en nuestra experiencia, la incidencia de cáncer de mama metastásico fue más baja que otros reportes.

          Translated abstract

          We performed a descriptive and retrospective trial, of a patient with diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer attended in the Oncologic National Institute of Cuba from January 2000 to December 2003. Nine hundred thirty patient with diagnosis of breast cancer and two hundred nine with metastatic breast cancer were evaluated. The frequency of the metastatic breast cancer was 22.5% and the group of ages that prevailed of 50-59 years. A prevalence of the III stage was observed, tumour size T2, and the 1-3 positive ganglions. The type of more frequent relapse was the distance and within them of visceral localization being the lung the most affected organ. The first site of relapse prevailed soft parts metastatic, using it like more frequent treatment the chemotherapy like only or combined mode. The results suggest that, in our experience, the incidence of Metastatic breast cancer was lower than in other reports.

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          Twenty-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Trial Comparing Total Mastectomy, Lumpectomy, and Lumpectomy plus Irradiation for the Treatment of Invasive Breast Cancer

          New England Journal of Medicine, 347(16), 1233-1241
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            Extending survival with chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.

            Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains essentially incurable, and goals of therapy include the palliation of symptoms, delay of disease progression, and prolongation of overall survival time without negatively impacting quality of life. Anthracycline and taxane-based therapies have traditionally shown the highest degree of activity in MBC. Though numerous randomized clinical trials have shown improvements in overall response rates, few have found clear survival benefits. In recent years, however, there has been a small but growing series of clinical trials demonstrating modest, but meaningful survival advantages in metastatic disease. A common feature in many of these trials has been the use of a taxane, and more recently, a taxane combined with an antimetabolite. In addition, the development of targeted biologic agents active against MBC, such as trastuzumab and bevacizumab, has demonstrated great potential for enhancing the effects of chemotherapy and producing meaningful survival improvements. The role of the taxanes, antimetabolites, and biologics in extending survival in MBC is discussed.
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              Twenty-five-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing radical mastectomy, total mastectomy, and total mastectomy followed by irradiation.

              In women with breast cancer, the role of radical mastectomy, as compared with less extensive surgery, has been a matter of debate. We report 25-year findings of a randomized trial initiated in 1971 to determine whether less extensive surgery with or without radiation therapy was as effective as the Halsted radical mastectomy. A total of 1079 women with clinically negative axillary nodes underwent radical mastectomy, total mastectomy without axillary dissection but with postoperative irradiation, or total mastectomy plus axillary dissection only if their nodes became positive. A total of 586 women with clinically positive axillary nodes either underwent radical mastectomy or underwent total mastectomy without axillary dissection but with postoperative irradiation. Kaplan-Meier and cumulative-incidence estimates of outcome were obtained. No significant differences were observed among the three groups of women with negative nodes or between the two groups of women with positive nodes with respect to disease-free survival, relapse-free survival, distant-disease-free survival, or overall survival. Among women with negative nodes, the hazard ratio for death among those who were treated with total mastectomy and radiation as compared with those who underwent radical mastectomy was 1.08 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.28; P=0.38), and the hazard ratio for death among those who had total mastectomy without radiation as compared with those who underwent radical mastectomy was 1.03 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.87 to 1.23; P=0.72). Among women with positive nodes, the hazard ratio for death among those who underwent total mastectomy and radiation as compared with those who underwent radical mastectomy was 1.06 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.89 to 1.27; P=0.49). The findings validate earlier results showing no advantage from radical mastectomy. Although differences of a few percentage points cannot be excluded, the findings fail to show a significant survival advantage from removing occult positive nodes at the time of initial surgery or from radiation therapy. Copyright 2002 Massachusetts Medical Society
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rhcm
                Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas
                Rev haban cienc méd
                Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana (La Habana )
                1729-519X
                September 2010
                : 9
                : 3
                : 342-352
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR). Cuba
                Article
                S1729-519X2010000300009
                ba578dc0-ec86-4b06-8cc7-4d94ebf186d2

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1729-519X&lng=en
                Categories
                HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

                Health & Social care
                Breast cancer,Neoplasm,Metastatic breast cancer,Cáncer de mama,neoplasia,cáncer de mama metastásico

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