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      Padrão da atividade mioelétrica dos músculos da cintura escapular após linfadenectomia axilar no câncer de mama Translated title: Myoeletric activity pattern of scapular muscles after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast cancer

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: identificar o padrão da atividade mioelétrica dos músculos da cintura escapular após linfadenectomia axilar no câncer de mama. MÉTODOS: estudo de coorte prospectivo incluindo todas as mulheres submetidas à linfadenectomia axilar para tratamento cirúrgico de câncer de mama, em um centro de referência de câncer de mama, entre os meses de Junho a Agosto de 2006. As mulheres foram avaliadas no pré-operatório e após 3 e 12 meses da cirurgia, por exame físico e eletromiográfico dos músculos serrátil anterior, trapézio superior e deltoide médio. RESULTADOS: a média de idade foi de 60,3 anos (DP±14,1) e a incidência da escápula alada ao exame físico foi de 64,9%. Por meio do exame eletromiográfico na avaliação de três meses, foi observada uma redução de 28,3 µV na diferença da atividade mioelétrica do músculo serrátil anterior. Na avaliação de 12 meses e entre três e 12 meses, houve acréscimo de 23,3 e 43,6 µV, respectivamente. Para o músculo trapézio superior, o incremento foi de 23,1 µV na avaliação do terceiro mês, 90,8 µV e 52,3 µV entre o terceiro e o 12º meses. A avaliação do músculo deltoide médio não apresentou diferenças significantes em comparação com o pré-operatório. CONCLUSÕES: considerando o comportamento dos músculos avaliados pela eletromiografia de superfície, na avaliação pós-operatória imediata houve um decréscimo da atividade mioelétrica do músculo serrátil anterior pela lesão do nervo torácico longo (neuropraxia). O aumento da raiz quadrada da média do sinal eletromiográfico do músculo trapézio superior, a partir da avaliação pré-operatória, sugere uma consequente compensação muscular do mesmo em relação ao déficit do músculo serrátil anterior.

          Translated abstract

          PURPOSE: to identify the pattern of myoelectrical activity of muscles from the scapular region, after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast cancer. METHODS: prospective cohort study including all the women submitted to axillary lymphadenectomy for surgical treatment of breast cancer, in a breast cancer reference center, from June to August 2006. The women were evaluated before, and after 3 and 12 months from the surgery, through physical and electromyographic examinations of the serratus anterior, upper trapezius and middle deltoid muscles. RESULTS: the patients' average age was 60.3 years old (DP±14.1), and the incidence of winged scapula at the physical examination was 64.9%. At the third-months evaluation, a reduction of 28.3 µV was observed in the myoelectrical activity of the serratus anterior muscle. At the twelveth-months evaluation and between the 3rd and the 12th month, there was an increment of 23.3 µV and 43.6 µV, respectively. For the upper trapezius, the increase was of 23.1 µV at the third-months evaluation, and 23.3 µV and 43.6 µV between the 3rd and the 12th months. As compared to before the surgery, the evaluation of the middle deltoid muscle did no present significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: considering muscle activity evaluated by surface electromyography, there was a decrease in the myoelectrical activity of the serratus anterior, due to lesion of the long thoracic nerve (neuropraxia), in the immediate postoperative evaluation. The increase of the mean square root of the electromyographic signal of the upper trapezius muscle, since the preoperative evaluation, suggests a muscular compensation related to the serratus anterior muscle's deficit.

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          Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures

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            Evaluation and management of peripheral nerve injury.

            Common etiologies of acute traumatic peripheral nerve injury (TPNI) include penetrating injury, crush, stretch, and ischemia. Management of TPNI requires familiarity with the relevant anatomy, pathology, pathophysiology, and the surgical principles, approaches and concerns. Surgical repair of TPNI is done at varying time intervals after the injury, and there are a number of considerations in deciding whether and when to operate. In neurapraxia, the compound muscle and nerve action potentials on stimulating distal to the lesion are maintained indefinitely; stimulation above the lesion reveals partial or complete conduction block. The picture in axonotmesis and neurotmesis depends on the time since injury. The optimal timing for an electrodiagnostic study depends upon the clinical question being asked. Although conventional teaching usually holds that an electrodiagnostic study should not be done until about 3 weeks after the injury, in fact a great deal of important information can be obtained by studies done in the first week. Proximal nerve injuries are problematic because the long distance makes it difficult to reinnervate distal muscles before irreversible changes occur. Decision making regarding exploration must occur more quickly, and exploration using intraoperative nerve action potential recording to guide the choice of surgical procedure is often useful.
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              Morbidity of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLN) alone versus SLN and completion axillary lymph node dissection after breast cancer surgery: a prospective Swiss multicenter study on 659 patients.

              To assess the morbidity after sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy compared with SLN and completion level I and II axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in a prospective multicenter study. ALND after breast cancer surgery is associated with considerable morbidity. We hypothesized: 1) that the morbidity in patients undergoing SLN biopsy only is significantly lower compared with those after SLN and completion ALND level I and II; and 2) that SLN biopsy can be performed with similar intermediate term morbidity in academic and nonacademic centers. Patients with early stage breast cancer (pT1 and pT2
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbgo
                Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
                Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.
                Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0100-7203
                1806-9339
                May 2009
                : 31
                : 5
                : 224-229
                Affiliations
                [01] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurologia Brasil
                [02] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameInstituto Nacional do Câncer orgdiv1Divisão de Qualificação da Atenção Oncológica Especializada Brasil
                [03] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameInstituto Nacional do Câncer Brasil
                [04] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameCentro Universitário Augusto Motta Brasil
                Article
                S0100-72032009000500004 S0100-7203(09)03100504
                ba57437b-6700-4d59-8a54-54cbbe761f5c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 May 2009
                : 13 March 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Electromyography,Thoracic nerves,Neoplasias da mama,Músculos intercostais,Músculos peitorais,Excisão de linfonodo,Eletromiografia,Nervos torácicos,Pectoralis muscles,Intercostal muscles,Breast neoplasms,Lymph node excision

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