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      Diets intervene osteoporosis via gut-bone axis

      review-article
      Author(s): a , b , c , d , b , c , d , b , c , d , b , c , d , e , a , b , c , d
      Publication date (Electronic, pub):
      Publication date (Electronic, collection):
      Journal: Gut Microbes
      Publisher: Taylor & Francis
      Keywords: Gut microbiota, osteoporosis, gut-bone axis, diets, dietary patterns

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          ABSTRACT

          Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that seriously endangers the health of middle-aged and older adults. Recently, with the continuous deepening of research, an increasing number of studies have revealed gut microbiota as a potential target for osteoporosis, and the research concept of the gut-bone axis has gradually emerged. Additionally, the intake of dietary nutrients and the adoption of dietary patterns may affect the gut microbiota, and alterations in the gut microbiota might also influence the metabolic status of the host, thus adjusting bone metabolism. Based on the gut-bone axis, dietary intake can also participate in the modulation of bone metabolism by altering abundance, diversity, and composition of gut microbiota. Herein, combined with emerging literatures and relevant studies, this review is aimed to summarize the impacts of different dietary components and patterns on osteoporosis by acting on gut microbiota, as well as underlying mechanisms and proper dietary recommendations.

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          Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes.

          Gary D Wu, Jun Chen, Christian Hoffmann … (2011)
          Diet strongly affects human health, partly by modulating gut microbiome composition. We used diet inventories and 16S rDNA sequencing to characterize fecal samples from 98 individuals. Fecal communities clustered into enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroides and Prevotella. Enterotypes were strongly associated with long-term diets, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella). A controlled-feeding study of 10 subjects showed that microbiome composition changed detectably within 24 hours of initiating a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber diet, but that enterotype identity remained stable during the 10-day study. Thus, alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet.
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            Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism

            Douglas J. Morrison, Tom Preston (2016)
            ABSTRACT The formation of SCFA is the result of a complex interplay between diet and the gut microbiota within the gut lumen environment. The discovery of receptors, across a range of cell and tissue types for which short chain fatty acids SCFA appear to be the natural ligands, has led to increased interest in SCFA as signaling molecules between the gut microbiota and the host. SCFA represent the major carbon flux from the diet through the gut microbiota to the host and evidence is emerging for a regulatory role of SCFA in local, intermediary and peripheral metabolism. However, a lack of well-designed and controlled human studies has hampered our understanding of the significance of SCFA in human metabolic health. This review aims to pull together recent findings on the role of SCFA in human metabolism to highlight the multi-faceted role of SCFA on different metabolic systems.
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              The Impact of Dietary Fiber on Gut Microbiota in Host Health and Disease

              Fredrik Bäckhed, Kassem Makki, Edward C Deehan … (2018)
              Food is a primordial need for our survival and well-being. However, diet is not only essential to maintain human growth, reproduction, and health, but it also modulates and supports the symbiotic microbial communities that colonize the digestive tract-the gut microbiota. Type, quality, and origin of our food shape our gut microbes and affect their composition and function, impacting host-microbe interactions. In this review, we will focus on dietary fibers, which interact directly with gut microbes and lead to the production of key metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, and discuss how dietary fiber impacts gut microbial ecology, host physiology, and health. Hippocrates' notion "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food" remains highly relevant millennia later, but requires consideration of how diet can be used for modulation of gut microbial ecology to promote health.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Gut Microbes
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Gut Microbes
                Title: Gut Microbes
                Publisher: Taylor & Francis
                ISSN (Print): 1949-0976
                ISSN (Electronic): 1949-0984
                Publication date (Electronic, pub): 4 January 2024
                Publication date (Electronic, collection): 2024
                Publication date PMC-release: 4 January 2024
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: 2295432
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine; , Shanghai, China
                [b ]Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University; , Shanghai, China
                [c ]Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University; , Shanghai, China
                [d ]National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University; , Shanghai, China
                [e ]Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine; , Shanghai, China
                Author notes
                CONTACT Jia-Can Su drsujiacan@ 123456163.com Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine; , Shanghai 200092, China
                Zhong-Min Shi 18930177323@ 123456163.com Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine; , Shanghai 200235, China
                Han Liu liuhanqiu@ 123456shu.edu.cn Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University; , Shanghai 200444, China
                [*]

                Yuan-Wei Zhang, Pei-Ran Song and Si-Cheng Wang contributed equally to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-263X
                Article
                Publisher ID: 2295432
                DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2295432
                PMC ID: 10773645
                PubMed ID: 38174650
                SO-VID: b948a13d-5772-4b82-b7fc-40a27e858ffe
                Copyright © © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 1, References: 164, Pages: 1
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Microbiology & Virology
                Keywords: gut microbiota,osteoporosis,gut-bone axis,diets,dietary patterns
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Microbiology & Virology
                Keywords: gut microbiota, osteoporosis, gut-bone axis, diets, dietary patterns

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