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      Dermatitis de contacto alérgica a cobalto y níquel en un trabajador de la industria metalúrgica. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura Translated title: Allergic contact dermatitis to cobalt and nickel in a metal industry worker. Case report and literature review

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          Abstract

          Resumen Antecedentes: La dermatitis por contacto es una reacción eccematosa en piel causada por la exposición repetida y directa de un alérgeno; se estima que la prevalencia de dermatitis de contacto al níquel es de 17 % en mujeres y 3 % en hombres y que 1 a 3 % de la población general presenta dermatitis de contacto alérgica a cobalto y cromo. El níquel es la causa más importante de dermatitis ocupacional y presenta reactividad a otros metales, principalmente cromo y cobalto. Caso clinico: Hombre de 47 años, con previa sensibilización a níquel en la infancia, trabajador de la industria metalúrgica, con exposición laboral a níquel y cobalto, quien presentó dermatosis de predominio en miembros superiores. Conclusión: La sensibilización previa a níquel en la infancia y el trabajo en la industria metalúrgica incrementó el riesgo de nuevas sensibilizaciones a metales, como cobalto.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Background: Contact dermatitis is an eczematous skin reaction that is caused by repeated and direct exposure to an allergen: The prevalence of contact dermatitis to nickel is estimated at 17% in women and 3% in men, and 1-3% of the general population has allergic contact dermatitis to cobalt and chromium. Nickel, which is the leading cause of occupational dermatitis, shows reactivity to other metals; mainly chromium and cobalt. Clinical case: A 47-year old man, with previous sensitization to nickel in childhood, is a worker in the metal industry, with occupational exposure to nickel and cobalt, and showed dermatosis predominantly in the upper limbs. Conclusion: The risk of new sensitizations to metals (such as cobalt) has been increased by his previous sensitization to nickel that happened in childhood and his work in the metal industry.

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          Most cited references8

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          The epidemiology of contact allergy in the general population--prevalence and main findings.

          A substantial number of studies have investigated the prevalence of contact allergy in the general population and in unselected subgroups of the general population. The aim of this review was to determine a median prevalence and summarize the main findings from studies on contact allergy in the general population. Published research mainly originates from North America and Western Europe. The median prevalence of contact allergy to at least 1 allergen was 21.2% (range 12.5-40.6%), and the weighted average prevalence was 19.5%, based on data collected on all age groups and all countries between 1966 and 2007. The most prevalent contact allergens were nickel, thimerosal, and fragrance mix. The median nickel allergy prevalence was 8.6% (range 0.7-27.8%) and demonstrates that nickel was an important cause of contact allergy in the general population and that it was widespread in both men and women. Numerous studies demonstrated that pierced ears were a significant risk factor for nickel allergy. Nickel was a risk factor for hand eczema in women. Finally, heavy smoking was associated with contact allergy, mostly in women. Population-based epidemiological studies are considered a prerequisite in the surveillance of national and international contact allergy epidemics.
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            Management of contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy: an update

            Nickel is the major cause of allergic contact dermatitis in the general population, both among children and adults, as well as in large occupational groups. This metal is used in numerous industrial and consumer products, including stainless steel, magnets, metal plating, coinage, and special alloys, and is therefore almost impossible to completely avoid in daily life. Nickel contact dermatitis can represent an important morbidity, particularly in patients with chronic hand eczema, which can lead to inability to work, a decrease in quality of life and significant healthcare expenses. Therefore, its management is of great importance. This article reviews diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic strategies in this field.
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              Contact Dermatitis: A Practice Parameter–Update 2015

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ram
                Revista alergia México
                Rev. alerg. Méx.
                Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia, A.C. (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                2448-9190
                September 2019
                : 66
                : 3
                : 371-374
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social orgdiv1Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI orgdiv2Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica Mexico
                [2] Ciudad de México orgnameHospital Español orgdiv1Clínica Pediátrica Pigüi orgdiv2Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica México
                Article
                S2448-91902019000300371 S2448-9190(19)06600300371
                10.29262/ram.v66i3.537
                31606022
                b80d9e38-6b51-43c4-9da0-ac86736b5916

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 August 2018
                : 27 February 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Casos clínicos

                Nickel,Cobalt,Contact dermatitis,Níquel,Cobalto,Dermatitis por contacto

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