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      Selenium-catalyzed selective reactions of carbonyl derivatives: state-of-the-art and future challenges

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          Abstract

          Organoselenium-catalyzed reactions of carbonyl derivatives can produce may useful compounds under mild and green conditions. This article aims to summarize the recent advances and give a perspective from both green chemistry and safety viewpoint.

          Abstract

          Selective reactions of carbonyl derivatives are challenging subjects with good academic meaning because of the multiple reaction sites in substrates and versatile reaction types. They are of practical value for the production of fine chemicals and industrial intermediates. With the rapid progress of selenium catalysis, related novel techniques began to be applied in the subject to synthesize a series of useful compounds under mild and green conditions. This article aims to summarize the recent advances and give a perspective on the issues that still need to be resolved in the field for both green chemistry and safety considerations.

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          Selenium and human health.

          Selenium is incorporated into selenoproteins that have a wide range of pleiotropic effects, ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to the production of active thyroid hormone. In the past 10 years, the discovery of disease-associated polymorphisms in selenoprotein genes has drawn attention to the relevance of selenoproteins to health. Low selenium status has been associated with increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, and cognitive decline. Higher selenium status or selenium supplementation has antiviral effects, is essential for successful male and female reproduction, and reduces the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease. Prospective studies have generally shown some benefit of higher selenium status on the risk of prostate, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers, but findings from trials have been mixed, which probably emphasises the fact that supplementation will confer benefit only if intake of a nutrient is inadequate. Supplementation of people who already have adequate intake with additional selenium might increase their risk of type-2 diabetes. The crucial factor that needs to be emphasised with regard to the health effects of selenium is the inextricable U-shaped link with status; whereas additional selenium intake may benefit people with low status, those with adequate-to-high status might be affected adversely and should not take selenium supplements. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Organoselenium and organotellurium compounds: toxicology and pharmacology.

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              A review of flexible lithium-sulfur and analogous alkali metal-chalcogen rechargeable batteries.

              Flexible energy storage systems are imperative for emerging flexible devices that are revolutionizing our life. Lithium-ion batteries, the current main power sources, are gradually approaching their theoretical limitation in terms of energy density. Therefore, alternative battery chemistries are urgently required for next-generation flexible power sources with high energy densities, low cost, and inherent safety. Flexible lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries and analogous flexible alkali metal-chalcogen batteries are of paramount interest owing to their high energy densities endowed by multielectron chemistry. In this review, we summarized the recent progress of flexible Li-S and analogous batteries. A brief introduction to flexible energy storage systems and general Li-S batteries has been provided first. Progress in flexible materials for flexible Li-S batteries are reviewed subsequently, with a detailed classification of flexible sulfur cathodes as those based on carbonaceous (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbonized polymers) and composite (polymers and inorganics) materials and an overview of flexible lithium anodes and flexible solid-state electrolytes. Advancements in other flexible alkali metal-chalcogen batteries are then introduced. In the next part, we emphasize the importance of cell packaging and flexibility evaluation, and two special flexible battery prototypes of foldable and cable-type Li-S batteries are highlighted. In the end, existing challenges and future development of flexible Li-S and analogous alkali metal-chalcogen batteries are summarized and prospected.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                GRCHFJ
                Green Chemistry
                Green Chem.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1463-9262
                1463-9270
                July 5 2021
                2021
                : 23
                : 13
                : 4647-4655
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Guangling College
                [2 ]Yangzhou University
                [3 ]Yangzhou
                [4 ]P. R. China
                [5 ]School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
                [6 ]College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
                [7 ]and Henan Key Laboratory of Fuction-Oriented Porous Materials
                [8 ]Luoyang Normal University
                [9 ]Luoyang
                Article
                10.1039/D1GC00961C
                b6a3c70e-33b9-4ee9-9d1a-97ed170cded0
                © 2021

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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