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      Chemically induced degradation of CDK9 by a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC)

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          Abstract

          In this manuscript, for the first time, we report the synthesis of a PROTAC that selectively degrades cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9).

          Abstract

          Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), a member of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) family, is involved in transcriptional elongation of several target genes. CDK9 is ubiquitously expressed and has been shown to contribute to a variety of malignancies such as pancreatic, prostate and breast cancers. Here we report the development of a heterobifunctional small molecule proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) capable of cereblon (CRBN) mediated proteasomal degradation of CDK9. In HCT116 cells, it selectively degrades CDK9 while sparing other CDK family members. This is the first example of a PROTAC that selectively degrades CDK9.

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          Protacs: chimeric molecules that target proteins to the Skp1-Cullin-F box complex for ubiquitination and degradation.

          K M Sakamoto, K. -B. Kim, A Kumagai … (2001)
          The intracellular levels of many proteins are regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. One of the best-characterized enzymes that catalyzes the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins is a ubiquitin ligase complex, Skp1-Cullin-F box complex containing Hrt1 (SCF). We sought to artificially target a protein to the SCF complex for ubiquitination and degradation. To this end, we tested methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP-2), which covalently binds the angiogenesis inhibitor ovalicin. A chimeric compound, protein-targeting chimeric molecule 1 (Protac-1), was synthesized to recruit MetAP-2 to SCF. One domain of Protac-1 contains the I kappa B alpha phosphopeptide that is recognized by the F-box protein beta-TRCP, whereas the other domain is composed of ovalicin. We show that MetAP-2 can be tethered to SCF(beta-TRCP), ubiquitinated, and degraded in a Protac-1-dependent manner. In the future, this approach may be useful for conditional inactivation of proteins, and for targeting disease-causing proteins for destruction.
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            Induced protein degradation: an emerging drug discovery paradigm

            Ashton C Lai, Craig M Crews (2016)
            Small-molecule drug discovery has traditionally focused on occupancy of a binding site that directly affects protein function. This article discusses emerging technologies, such as proteolysis-targeting chimaeras (PROTACs), that exploit cellular quality control machinery to selectively degrade target proteins, which could have advantages over traditional approaches, including the potential to target proteins that are not currently therapeutically tractable.
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              PROTAC-induced BET protein degradation as a therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer

              Kanak Raina, Jing Lu, Yimin Qian … (2016)
              Prostate cancer has the second highest incidence among cancers in men worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths of men in the United States. Although androgen deprivation can initially lead to remission, the disease often progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is still reliant on androgen receptor (AR) signaling and is associated with a poor prognosis. Some success against CRPC has been achieved by drugs that target AR signaling, but secondary resistance invariably emerges, and new therapies are urgently needed. Recently, inhibitors of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family proteins have shown growth-inhibitory activity in preclinical models of CRPC. Here, we demonstrate that ARV-771, a small-molecule pan-BET degrader based on proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, demonstrates dramatically improved efficacy in cellular models of CRPC as compared with BET inhibition. Unlike BET inhibitors, ARV-771 results in suppression of both AR signaling and AR levels and leads to tumor regression in a CRPC mouse xenograft model. This study is, to our knowledge, the first to demonstrate efficacy with a small-molecule BET degrader in a solid-tumor malignancy and potentially represents an important therapeutic advance in the treatment of CRPC.
              Article 0 comments Cited 297 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): CHCOFS
                Title: Chemical Communications
                Abbreviated Title: Chem. Commun.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Print): 1359-7345
                ISSN (Electronic): 1364-548X
                Publication date Created: 2017
                Publication date (Print): 2017
                Volume: 53
                Issue: 54
                Pages: 7577-7580
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/C7CC03879H
                PMC ID: 5555382
                PubMed ID: 28636052
                SO-VID: b43e8eea-1398-4186-86f7-11b2462fed67
                Copyright © © 2017
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