Some aspects of the analysis of the first world war in modern Serbian and Romanian history textbooks for junior high school

Abstract

The article compares how modern Serbian elementary school history textbooks and Romanian gymnasium (lower secondary school) history textbooks portray the First World War. It examines the content and sensitive topics between 1914 and 1918, including the causes of the First World War, Romania?s role in the war (1916-1918), and the military campaign carried out by the Central Powers against Serbia in 1915. The article also looks at the role of methodological and didactic elements, as well as visual materials. Additionally, the paper analyzes how historical sources and maps are represented in history textbooks. After analyzing the textbooks, the article concludes that Serbian history textbooks place more importance on memorizing historical facts rather than promoting critical thinking among students. In contrast, Romanian history textbooks encourage students to analyze historical sources and visual material creatively. Furthermore, they offer more examples of role-playing, simulations, and debates, which are essential for developing students? critical thinking skills.