Emotional “Patient-Oriented” Support in Young Patients With I–II Stage Breast Cancer: Pilot Study

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Abstract

Objective: The recent increased survival rate after breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment is mostly related to early screening in younger age. Evidence gained from newly detected assessed psychological needs as well as certain emotional regulatory patterns in younger survivors has been related in the literature to an extremely low rate of adherence to the psychological therapies offered. Tailored psychological support is necessary. The aim of the present study was to verify the preliminary efficacy of supportive psychological intervention with an innovative orientation: the Early BC Psychological Intervention (EBC-Psy).

Methods: A controlled study design was used to investigate the efficacy of EBC-Psy intervention. Preliminary data involved twenty-four patients in the age range of 35–50 years, diagnosed with cancer at the early stage (I–II), who were exposed to the EBC-Psy intervention. To address the effect of intervention, emotional variables were tested before the treatment (Time 1) and then again after 6 months of the treatment (Time 2); evaluated emotional dimensions were anxiety, anger, depression, and psychological distress.

Results: EBC-Psy intervention appears to be effective on both depression ( p = 0.02) and psychological distress ( p = 0.01), even in a short time, highlighting the strength of a reinforced positive psychological conceptual approach to deal with the “disease condition” in younger patients; on the contrary, the control group evidenced an increase in the same emotional variables in timing.

Conclusion: Our findings, even if limited by this small-scale protocol, seemed to confirm the role of positive psychotherapy after BC diagnosis and treatment through the impact of cognitive processes, coping strategies, and psychological resilience. Future theoretical framework could boost the intervention to design an innovative survivorship model.

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Depression and anxiety in women with early breast cancer: five year observational cohort study.

Caroline Burgess, Victoria A Cornelius, Sharon Love … (2005)

To examine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, depression and anxiety in women with early breast cancer in the five years after diagnosis. Observational cohort study. NHS breast clinic, London. 222 women with early breast cancer: 170 (77%) provided complete interview data up to either five years after diagnosis or recurrence. Prevalence of clinically important depression and anxiety (structured psychiatric interview with standardised diagnostic criteria) and clinical and patient risk factors, including stressful life experiences (Bedford College life events and difficulties schedule). Nearly 50% of the women with early breast cancer had depression, anxiety, or both in the year after diagnosis, 25% in the second, third, and fourth years, and 15% in the fifth year. Point prevalence was 33% at diagnosis, falling to 15% after one year. 45% of those with recurrence experienced depression, anxiety, or both within three months of the diagnosis. Previous psychological treatment predicted depression, anxiety, or both in the period around diagnosis (one month before diagnosis to four months after diagnosis). Longer term depression and anxiety, were associated with previous psychological treatment, lack of an intimate confiding relationship, younger age, and severely stressful non-cancer life experiences. Clinical factors were not associated with depression and anxiety, at any time. Lack of intimate confiding support also predicted more protracted episodes of depression and anxiety. Increased levels of depression, anxiety, or both in the first year after a diagnosis of early breast cancer highlight the need for dedicated service provision during this time. Psychological interventions for women with breast cancer who remain disease free should take account of the broader social context in which the cancer occurs, with a focus on improving social support.

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The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials.

D Moher, K Schulz, D Altman (2001)

To comprehend the results of a randomized, controlled trial (RCT), readers must understand its design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation. That goal can be achieved only through complete transparency from authors. Despite several decades of educational efforts, the reporting of RCTs needs improvement. Investigators and editors developed the original CONSORT (Con solidated S tandards o f R eporting T rials) statement to help authors improve reporting by using a checklist and flow diagram. The revised CONSORT statement presented in this paper incorporates new evidence and addresses some criticisms of the original statement. The checklist items pertain to the content of the Title, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. The revised checklist includes 22 items selected because empirical evidence indicates that not reporting the information is associated with biased estimates of treatment effect or because the information is essential to judge the reliability or relevance of the findings. We intended the flow diagram to depict the passage of participants through an RCT. The revised flow diagram depicts information from four stages of a trial (enrollment, intervention allocation, follow-up, and analysis). The diagram explicitly includes the number of participants, for each intervention group, that are included in the primary data analysis. Inclusion of these numbers allows the reader to judge whether the authors have performed an intention-to-treat analysis. In sum, the CONSORT statement is intended to improve the reporting of an RCT, enabling readers to understand a trial's conduct and to assess the validity of its results.

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Psychological resilience contributes to low emotional distress in cancer patients.

Jung-Ah Min, Sujung Yoon, Chang Uk Lee … (2013)

Although a considerable number of cancer patients suffer from emotional distress which may have an impact on their quality of life, it still remains poorly understood which psychosocial factors contribute to individual vulnerabilities to emotional distress of cancer patients. Recently, resilience has been suggested as the capacity to cope with adversities like cancer. In this study, we investigated the relationships between resilience and emotional distress in cancer patients.

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Author and article information

Contributors

D. Di Giacomo: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/119146/overview

J. Ranieri: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/358520/overview

E. Donatucci: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/358522/overview

D. Passafiume: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/358542/overview

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychol

Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychol.

Title: Frontiers in Psychology

Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.

ISSN (Electronic): 1664-1078

Publication date (Electronic): 05 December 2018

Publication date Collection: 2018

Volume: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: 2487

Affiliations

[1] ¹Department of MeSVA, University of L’Aquila , L’Aquila, Italy

[2] ²San Salvatore Hospital , L’Aquila, Italy

[3] ³Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila , L’Aquila, Italy

Author notes

Edited by: Andrew Kemp, Swansea University, United Kingdom

Reviewed by: Claudia Cormio, Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II (IRCCS), Italy; Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Università di Genova, Italy; Michelle Dow Keawphalouk Narangajavana, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States

*Correspondence: D. Di Giacomo, dina.digiacomo@ 123456cc.univaq.it

This article was submitted to Clinical and Health Psychology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

Article

DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02487

PMC ID: 6290028

PubMed ID: 30568627

SO-VID: b21f2220-6251-458f-ba3e-930cac49d36f

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

History

Date received : 01 August 2018

Date accepted : 22 November 2018

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Figures: 5, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 10, Words: 0

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Emotional “Patient-Oriented” Support in Young Patients With I–II Stage Breast Cancer: Pilot Study

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Most cited references 17

Depression and anxiety in women with early breast cancer: five year observational cohort study.

The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials.

Psychological resilience contributes to low emotional distress in cancer patients.

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