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      ESTUDIO GEOARQUEOLÓGICO INICIAL DE LA FORMACIÓN DE ALEROS Y SUS RELLENOS EN LA LOCALIDAD PUNTA PÓRFIDO(RÍO NEGRO, ARGENTINA) Translated title: INITIAL GEOARCHEAOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF ROCKSHELTERS AND THEIR FILLINGS IN PUNTA PORFIDO (RÍO NEGRO, ARGENTINA)

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          Abstract

          Resumen: En la costa semiárida del norte de Patagonia (Golfo San Matías, Río Negro) se observan serranías constituidas por riolitas que ilustran diferentes etapas en la evolución de cavidades rocosas. Un estudio comparativo sobre las mismas en el área de Punta Pórfido permitió comenzar a evaluar los procesos de formación de aleros y sus rellenos sedimentarios. La morfología de las cavidades en este sector resulta del patrón romboidal de diaclasas que presenta la roca de caja y de procesos de meteorización, principalmente el desarrollo de tafoni. Los rellenos se hallan constituidos principalmente por derrubios tamaño grava y bloque derivados de la meteorización de la riolita, a lo que se suma el aporte de sedimentos finos de origen eólico y de sales marinas que han colaborado en la preservación de restos orgánicos inusuales. En la principal cavidad relevada, el Alero 2, se realizaron dos excavaciones y cuatro dataciones radiocarbónicas que proporcionaron edades sobre carbón entre ca. 2200 y 7500 años cal. AP. En esta contribución se presentan los resultados iniciales del estudio geoarqueológico de estas cavidades en la zona costera de Punta Pórfido, orientado a comprender su desarrollo y algunas propiedades del registro arqueológico y tafonómico que contienen sus rellenos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Along the semi-arid coast of northern Patagonia (Golfo San Matías, Río Negro) mountain ranges composed of rhyolites illustrate different stages in the evolution of rock cavities. A comparative study carried out in the Punta Pórfido area allows us to evaluate rockshelter formation processes and their sedimentary fillings. Cavity morphology in this sector results from the romboidal pattern of joints in the volcanic rock and weathering processes, mainly the development of tafoni. The fillings are made up of gravel and blocks derived from the weathering of the rhyolite, with the contribution of fine sediments originating from wind and marine salts that have collaborated in the preservation of unusual organic remains. At the main cavity surveyed, Alero 2, two excavations were carried out and four radiocarbon dating samples determined the ages on charcoal to be between ca. 2200 and 7500 years cal. AP. In this contribution, we present the initial results of the geoarchaeological study of these cavities in the coastal area of Punta Pórfido to understand their development and some properties of the archaeological and taphonomic record contained in their fillings.

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          Most cited references44

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          Taphonomic and ecologic information from bone weathering

          Bones of recent mammals in the Amboseli Basin, southern Kenya, exhibit distinctive weathering characteristics that can be related to the time since death and to the local conditions of temperature, humidity and soil chemistry. A categorization of weathering characteristics into six stages, recognizable on descriptive criteria, provides a basis for investigation of weathering rates and processes. The time necessary to achieve each successive weathering stage has been calibrated using known-age carcasses. Most bones decompose beyond recognition in 10 to 15 yr. Bones of animals under 100 kg and juveniles appear to weather more rapidly than bones of large animals or adults. Small-scale rather than widespread environmental factors seem to have greatest influence on weathering characteristics and rates. Bone weathering is potentially valuable as evidence for the period of time represented in recent or fossil bone assemblages, including those on archeological sites, and may also be an important tool in censusing populations of animals in modern ecosystems.
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            The Third Dimension in Site Structure: An Experiment in Trampling and Vertical Dispersal

            Two measured and weighed assemblages of lithic debitage were subjected to human treadage, one set on a compact sandy silt (“loam”) substrate, the other on unconsolidated sand. The assemblages were excavated, plotted in three dimensions, and documented for damage. Downward migration of pieces at the loam site was minimal: fracture of small pieces was the dominant damage pattern. Most sand site pieces migrated to 3-8 cm depth; vertical distribution of pieces approximated a normal curve, and edge-damage to larger pieces was the dominant damage pattern. Vertical distribution of artifacts at the sand site approximated a pattern observed in two other trampling experiments and a number of archaeological occurrences. Factors influencing these distributions are discussed.
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              Atlas of Taphonomic identifications: 1001+ images of fossil and recent mammal bone modifications

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                chungara
                Chungará (Arica)
                Chungará (Arica)
                Universidad de Tarapacá. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Departamento de Antropología (Arica, , Chile )
                0717-7356
                March 2022
                : 54
                : 1
                : 33-53
                Affiliations
                [2] Olavarría orgnameUNCPBA orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Sociales Argentina aalcaraz@ 123456soc.unicen.edu.ar
                [1] Buenos Aires Buenos Aires orgnameConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Argentina
                [3] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Multidisciplinario de Historia y Ciencias Humanas Argentina marcelo.cardillo@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S0717-73562022000100033 S0717-7356(22)05400100033
                b203996c-f6ff-45c2-8be3-b55b81296e75

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : July 2020
                : April 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 45, Pages: 21
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Arqueología y Patrimonio

                Archaeology,cavities and rockshelter formation,Argentine northern Patagonian coast,arqueología,formación de oquedades rocosas y aleros,costa norpatagónica argentina

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