Impact of maternal intrapartum antibiotics, method of birth and breastfeeding on gut microbiota during the first year of life: a prospective cohort study.

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Abstract

Dysbiosis of the infant gut microbiota may have long-term health consequences. This study aimed to determine the impact of maternal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) on infant gut microbiota, and to explore whether breastfeeding modifies these effects.

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Establishment of intestinal microbiota during early life: a longitudinal, explorative study of a large cohort of Danish infants.

Anders Bergström, Thomas Skov, Martin Bahl … (2014)

Fecal samples were obtained from a cohort of 330 healthy Danish infants at 9, 18, and 36 months after birth, enabling characterization of interbacterial relationships by use of quantitative PCR targeting 31 selected bacterial 16S rRNA gene targets representing different phylogenetic levels. Nutritional parameters and measures of growth and body composition were determined and investigated in relation to the observed development in microbiota composition. We found that significant changes in the gut microbiota occurred, particularly from age 9 to 18 months, when cessation of breastfeeding and introduction of a complementary feeding induce replacement of a microbiota characterized by lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae with a microbiota dominated by Clostridium spp. and Bacteroides spp. Classification of samples by a proxy enterotype based on the relative levels of Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. showed that enterotype establishment occurs between 9 and 36 months. Thirty percent of the individuals shifted enterotype between 18 and 36 months. The composition of the microbiota was most pronouncedly influenced by the time of cessation of breastfeeding. From 9 to 18 months, a positive correlation was observed between the increase in body mass index and the increase of the short-chain-fatty-acid-producing clostridia, the Clostridum leptum group, and Eubacterium hallii. Considering previously established positive associations between rapid infant weight gain, early breastfeeding discontinuation, and later-life obesity, the corresponding microbial findings seen here warrant attention.

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Infant gut microbiota and food sensitization: associations in the first year of life.

M Azad, T Konya, D S Guttman … (2015)

The gut microbiota is established during infancy and plays a fundamental role in shaping host immunity. Colonization patterns may influence the development of atopic disease, but existing evidence is limited and conflicting.

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Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in Human Breast Milk: Influence of Antibiotherapy and Other Host and Clinical Factors

Ana Soto, Virginia Martín, Esther Jiménez … (2014)

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this work was to study the lactobacilli and bifidobacteria population in human milk of healthy women, and to investigate the influence that several factors (including antibioteraphy during pregnancy and lactation, country and date of birth, delivery mode, or infant age) may exert on such population. Methods: A total of 160 women living in Germany or Austria provided the breast milk samples. Initially, 66 samples were randomly selected and cultured on MRS-Cys agar plates. Then, the presence of DNA from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and from most of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species that were isolated, was assessed by qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genus- and species-specific primers. Results: Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria could be isolated from the milk of 27 (40.91%) and 7 (10.61%), respectively, of the 66 cultured samples. On the contrary, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium sequences were detected by PCR in 108 (67.50%) and 41 (25.62%), respectively, of the 160 samples analyzed. The Lactobacillus species most frequently isolated and detected was L salivarius (35.00%), followed by L fermentum (25.00%) and L gasseri (21.88%), whereas B breve (13.75%) was the bifidobacterial species most commonly recovered and whose DNA was most regularly found. The number of lactobacilli- or bifidobacteria-positive samples was significantly lower in women who had received antibiotherapy during pregnancy or lactation. Conclusions: Our results suggest that either the presence of lactobacilli and/or bifidobacteria or their DNA may constitute good markers of a healthy human milk microbiota that has not been altered by the use of antibiotics.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BJOG

Title: BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-0528

ISSN (Print): 1470-0328

Publication date (Electronic): May 2016

Volume: 123

Issue: 6

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

[2 ] Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

[3 ] Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

[4 ] College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

[5 ] Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

[6 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

[7 ] Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

[8 ] Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

[9 ] Department of Pediatrics, Child & Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

[10 ] Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Article

DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13601

PubMed ID: 26412384

SO-VID: b130f5f4-ab8d-4fbf-8281-ad754ac3db39

History

Keywords: Breastfeeding,caesarean section,gut microbiome,gut microbiota,infant,intrapartum antibiotics

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Keywords: Breastfeeding, caesarean section, gut microbiome, gut microbiota, infant, intrapartum antibiotics

Impact of maternal intrapartum antibiotics, method of birth and breastfeeding on gut microbiota during the first year of life: a prospective cohort study.

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Role of Microbes in Soil Fertility and Human Health

Most cited references 22

Establishment of intestinal microbiota during early life: a longitudinal, explorative study of a large cohort of Danish infants.

Infant gut microbiota and food sensitization: associations in the first year of life.

Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in Human Breast Milk: Influence of Antibiotherapy and Other Host and Clinical Factors

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