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      Characterization of sugar cane bagasse ash as supplementary material for Portland cement Translated title: Caracterización de ceniza de bagazo de la caña de azúcar; como material suplementario del cemento portland

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Sugar Cane Bagasse is a by-product of the sugar agroindustry; it is partly used as fuel. However, bagasse ash (SCBA) is considered waste, which creates a disposal problem. Furthermore, if sugar cane bagasse is burned under controlled conditions, the SCBA can be potentially reused. This paper considers the technical viability of using SCBA as a partial replacement for cement. Two samples of SCBA from a Colombian sugar industry were characterized. The chemical composition of the samples shows high percentages of silica, 76.3% and 63.2%. The mineralogical and morphological characteristics of the waste were determined by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pozzolanic activity of SCBA was evaluated using the Frattini test and the strength activity index test (SAI). The ASTM C618 defines an SAI of at least 75% as a requirement for classifying material as a pozzolan. This condition was achieved in the experiments performed. The results indicate that SCBA produced in the manufacture of commercial cements can be recycled for use as pozzolanic material. This supplementary material can partially replace cement and therefore reduce CO2 emissions.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN El bagazo de caña es un subproducto de la agroindustria azucarera; el cual es utilizado particularmente como combustible. Sin embargo, la ceniza de bagazo (CBA) ha sido considerada como un residuo que causa problemas de disposición. Por lo tanto, si el bagazo de caña, fuera quemado bajo condiciones controladas, la CBA tendría un potencial para su re utilización. Este artículo considera la viabilidad técnica para el uso de la CBA como reemplazo parcial del cemento Portland; en los ensayos se caracterizaron dos muestras de CBA de una industria azucarera colombiana, en los cuales la composición química presentó altos porcentajes de sílice en un 76.3% y 63.2%. Las características mineralógicas y morfológicas fueron determinadas por las técnicas de difracción de rayos X (DRX), análisis térmico (TG/ATD) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). La actividad puzolánica de la SCBA fue evaluada utilizando el ensayo de Frattini y el índice de actividad por resistencia mecánica (IAR). La norma ASTM C618 define un índice IAR de al menos el 75% para clasificar un material como una puzolana; esta condición fue alcanzada en estos ensayos. Los resultados indican que la CBA puede ser reciclada como un material puzolánico en la fabricación de cementos comerciales así, dicho material suplementario puede reemplazar parcialmente el cemento y por lo tanto reducir las emisiones de CO2.

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          Most cited references31

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          Experimental characterization of binary and ternary blended-cement concretes containing ultrafine residual rice husk and sugar cane bagasse ashes

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            Cement replacement by sugar cane bagasse ash: CO2 emissions reduction and potential for carbon credits.

            This paper presents a study of cement replacement by sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) in industrial scale aiming to reduce the CO(2) emissions into the atmosphere. SCBA is a by-product of the sugar/ethanol agro-industry abundantly available in some regions of the world and has cementitious properties indicating that it can be used together with cement. Recent comprehensive research developed at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro/Brazil has demonstrated that SCBA maintains, or even improves, the mechanical and durability properties of cement-based materials such as mortars and concretes. Brazil is the world's largest sugar cane producer and being a developing country can claim carbon credits. A simulation was carried out to estimate the potential of CO(2) emission reductions and the viability to issue certified emission reduction (CER) credits. The simulation was developed within the framework of the methodology established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The State of São Paulo (Brazil) was chosen for this case study because it concentrates about 60% of the national sugar cane and ash production together with an important concentration of cement factories. Since one of the key variables to estimate the CO(2) emissions is the average distance between sugar cane/ethanol factories and the cement plants, a genetic algorithm was developed to solve this optimization problem. The results indicated that SCBA blended cement reduces CO(2) emissions, which qualifies this product for CDM projects.
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              Characterization of unburned carbon in bagasse fly ash

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                iei
                Ingeniería e Investigación
                Ing. Investig.
                Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. (Bogotá )
                0120-5609
                January 2014
                : 34
                : 1
                : 5-10
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [2 ] Universidad del Valle Colombia
                [3 ] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [4 ] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                Article
                S0120-56092014000100002
                10.15446/ing.investig.v34n1.42787
                b12eec94-be6f-4fa1-9b76-16f40033fbe3

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-5609&lng=en
                Categories
                ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General engineering
                Sugar cane bagasse ash,Portland cement,pozzolan,blended cement,ceniza de bagazo de caña,cemento Portland,puzolana,cementos adicionados

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