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      3D printed zirconia used as dental materials: a critical review

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          Abstract

          In view of its high mechanical performance, outstanding aesthetic qualities, and biological stability, zirconia has been widely used in the fields of dentistry. Due to its potential to produce suitable advanced configurations and structures for a number of medical applications, especially personalized created devices, ceramic additive manufacturing (AM) has been attracting a great deal of attention in recent years. AM zirconia hews out infinite possibilities that are otherwise barely possible with traditional processes thanks to its freedom and efficiency. In the review, AM zirconia’s physical and adhesive characteristics, accuracy, biocompatibility, as well as their clinical applications have been reviewed. Here, we highlight the accuracy and biocompatibility of 3D printed zirconia. Also, current obstacles and a forecast of AM zirconia for its development and improvement have been covered. In summary, this review offers a description of the basic characteristics of AM zirconia materials intended for oral medicine. Furthermore, it provides a generally novel and fundamental basis for the utilization of 3D printed zirconia in dentistry.

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          3D printing with polymers: Challenges among expanding options and opportunities.

          Additive manufacturing, which is more colloquially referred to as 3D printing, is quickly approaching mainstream adoption as a highly flexible processing technique that can be applied to plastic, metal, ceramic, concrete and other building materials. However, taking advantage of the tremendous versatility associated with in situ photopolymerization as well as the ability to select from a variety of preformed processible polymers, 3D printing predominantly targets the production of polymeric parts and models. The goal of this review is to connect the various additive manufacturing techniques with the monomeric and polymeric materials they use while highlighting emerging material-based developments.
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            Recent advances in 3D printing of biomaterials

            3D Printing promises to produce complex biomedical devices according to computer design using patient-specific anatomical data. Since its initial use as pre-surgical visualization models and tooling molds, 3D Printing has slowly evolved to create one-of-a-kind devices, implants, scaffolds for tissue engineering, diagnostic platforms, and drug delivery systems. Fueled by the recent explosion in public interest and access to affordable printers, there is renewed interest to combine stem cells with custom 3D scaffolds for personalized regenerative medicine. Before 3D Printing can be used routinely for the regeneration of complex tissues (e.g. bone, cartilage, muscles, vessels, nerves in the craniomaxillofacial complex), and complex organs with intricate 3D microarchitecture (e.g. liver, lymphoid organs), several technological limitations must be addressed. In this review, the major materials and technology advances within the last five years for each of the common 3D Printing technologies (Three Dimensional Printing, Fused Deposition Modeling, Selective Laser Sintering, Stereolithography, and 3D Plotting/Direct-Write/Bioprinting) are described. Examples are highlighted to illustrate progress of each technology in tissue engineering, and key limitations are identified to motivate future research and advance this fascinating field of advanced manufacturing.
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              Porous Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                zhangxue83123@163.com
                19972031@cmu.edu.cn
                Journal
                J Biol Eng
                J Biol Eng
                Journal of Biological Engineering
                BioMed Central (London )
                1754-1611
                21 December 2023
                21 December 2023
                2023
                : 17
                : 78
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, ( https://ror.org/032d4f246) No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001 China
                [2 ]Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, ( https://ror.org/00v408z34) No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001 China
                [3 ]Shi-Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ( https://ror.org/034t30j35) Shenyang, 110016 China
                [4 ]School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, ( https://ror.org/04c4dkn09) Hefei, 230026 China
                Article
                396
                10.1186/s13036-023-00396-y
                10740276
                38129905
                b110e6d5-89fb-4818-bee0-cd9ac7e2c9f3
                © The Author(s) 2023

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 14 July 2023
                : 27 November 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: the National Key R&D Program of China
                Award ID: 2020YFA0710404
                Funded by: the Liaoning Medical-Engineering Joint Fund
                Award ID: 2022-YGJC-01
                Funded by: Applied Basic Research Program of Liaoning Province
                Award ID: 2023JH2/101300035
                Categories
                Review
                Custom metadata
                © BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

                Biotechnology
                3d printing,zirconia,dental prosthesis,implant,maxillofacial surgery
                Biotechnology
                3d printing, zirconia, dental prosthesis, implant, maxillofacial surgery

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