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      Self-reported financial burden of cancer care and its effect on physical and mental health-related quality of life among US cancer survivors.

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          Abstract

          Cancer-related financial burden has been linked to cancer survivors (CS) forgoing/delaying medical care, skipping follow-up visits, and discontinuing medications. To the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the effect of financial burden on the health-related quality of life of CS.

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          Most cited references18

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          Washington State cancer patients found to be at greater risk for bankruptcy than people without a cancer diagnosis.

          Much has been written about the relationship between high medical expenses and the likelihood of filing for bankruptcy, but the relationship between receiving a cancer diagnosis and filing for bankruptcy is less well understood. We estimated the incidence and relative risk of bankruptcy for people age twenty-one or older diagnosed with cancer compared to people the same age without cancer by conducting a retrospective cohort analysis that used a variety of medical, personal, legal, and bankruptcy sources covering the Western District of Washington State in US Bankruptcy Court for the period 1995-2009. We found that cancer patients were 2.65 times more likely to go bankrupt than people without cancer. Younger cancer patients had 2-5 times higher rates of bankruptcy than cancer patients age sixty-five or older, which indicates that Medicare and Social Security may mitigate bankruptcy risk for the older group. The findings suggest that employers and governments may have a policy role to play in creating programs and incentives that could help people cover expenses in the first year following a cancer diagnosis.
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            Are survivors who report cancer-related financial problems more likely to forgo or delay medical care?

            Financial problems caused by cancer and its treatment can substantially affect survivors and their families and create barriers to seeking health care.
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              Reliability and validity of the SF-12v2 in the medical expenditure panel survey.

              Evaluate the reliability and validity of the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form version 2 (SF-12v2) in the 2003-2004 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Data were collected in the self-administered mail-out questionnaire and face-to-face interviews of the MEPS (n = 20,661). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability and construct, discriminate, predictive and concurrent validity were tested. The EQ-5D, perceived health and mental health questions were used to test construct and discriminate validity. Self-reported work, physical and cognitive limits tested predictive validity and number of chronic conditions assessed concurrent validity. Both Mental Component Summary Scores (MCS) and Physical Component Summary Scores (PCS) were shown to have high internal consistency reliability (alpha > .80). PCS showed high test-retest reliability (ICC = .78) while MCS demonstrated moderate reliability (ICC = .60). PCS had high convergent validity for EQ-5D items (except self-care) and physical health status (r > .56). MCS demonstrated moderate convergent validity on EQ-5D and mental health items (r > .38). PCS distinguish between groups with different physical and work limitations. Similarly, MCS distinguished between groups with and without cognitive limitations. The MCS and PCS showed perfect dose response when variations in scores were examined by participant's chronic condition status. Both component scores showed adequate reliability and validity with the 2003-2004 MEPS and should be suitable for use in a variety of proposes within this database.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Cancer
                Cancer
                Wiley-Blackwell
                1097-0142
                0008-543X
                Apr 15 2016
                : 122
                : 8
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Division of Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
                Article
                10.1002/cncr.29808
                26991528
                afcdf45f-2110-43fe-a1f4-4ad0a839a9ae
                History

                health-related quality of life (HRQOL),bankruptcy,depression,mental health,out-of-pocket costs,financial burden,stress,quality of life,psychological,cancer

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