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      Artificial nucleotide codons for enzymatic DNA synthesis

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          Abstract

          Synthesis three-by-three: trinucleotide triphosphates can be used for enzymatic DNA synthesis provided their backbone is stabilized with chemical modifications.

          Abstract

          Herein, we report the high-yielding solid-phase synthesis of unmodified and chemically modified trinucleotide triphosphates (dN 3TPs). These synthetic codons can be used for enzymatic DNA synthesis provided their scaffold is stabilized with phosphorothioate units. Enzymatic synthesis with three rather than one letter nucleotides will be useful to produce xenonucleic acids (XNAs) and for in vitro selection of modified functional nucleic acids.

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          Potent and nontoxic antisense oligonucleotides containing locked nucleic acids.

          T Johnsson, C Wahlestedt, Eric Lai … (2000)
          Insufficient efficacy and/or specificity of antisense oligonucleotides limit their in vivo usefulness. We demonstrate here that a high-affinity DNA analog, locked nucleic acid (LNA), confers several desired properties to antisense agents. Unlike DNA, LNA/DNA copolymers were not degraded readily in blood serum and cell extracts. However, like DNA, the LNA/DNA copolymers were capable of activating RNase H, an important antisense mechanism of action. In contrast to phosphorothioate-containing oligonucleotides, isosequential LNA analogs did not cause detectable toxic reactions in rat brain. LNA/DNA copolymers exhibited potent antisense activity on assay systems as disparate as a G-protein-coupled receptor in living rat brain and an Escherichia coli reporter gene. LNA-containing oligonucleotides will likely be useful for many antisense applications.
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            Deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites—A new class of key intermediates for deoxypolynucleotide synthesis

            S.L. Beaucage, M.H. Caruthers (1981)
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              An expanded eukaryotic genetic code.

              Jason W Chin, T Cropp, J. Anderson … (2003)
              We describe a general and rapid route for the addition of unnatural amino acids to the genetic code of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Five amino acids have been incorporated into proteins efficiently and with high fidelity in response to the nonsense codon TAG. The side chains of these amino acids contain a keto group, which can be uniquely modified in vitro and in vivo with a wide range of chemical probes and reagents; a heavy atom-containing amino acid for structural studies; and photocrosslinkers for cellular studies of protein interactions. This methodology not only removes the constraints imposed by the genetic code on our ability to manipulate protein structure and function in yeast, it provides a gateway to the systematic expansion of the genetic codes of multicellular eukaryotes.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Nazarii Sabat: (View ORCID Profile)
                Marie Flamme: (View ORCID Profile)
                Marcel Hollenstein: (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): CHCOFS
                Title: Chemical Communications
                Abbreviated Title: Chem. Commun.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Print): 1359-7345
                ISSN (Electronic): 1364-548X
                Publication date Created: December 07 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 2023
                Volume: 59
                Issue: 98
                Pages: 14547-14550
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
                [2 ]Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
                [3 ]Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/D3CC04933G
                SO-VID: ae77ab3f-2d7d-44ca-b98c-ed26c2cc6326
                Copyright © © 2023
                License:

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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