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      Effects of an online home-based exercise intervention on breast cancer survivors during COVID-19 lockdown: a feasibility study

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          The strict lockdown implemented due the COVID-19 pandemic is generating a great impact on wellbeing and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with cancer. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of an online home-based exercise intervention performed during a lockdown period analysing its effects on body composition, physical fitness, and HRQoL in breast cancer survivors.

          Methods

          Fifteen women with breast cancer receiving hormonal therapy (55.5 ± 6.7 years) were included in the study. The exercise intervention consisted of two weekly sessions of remotely supervised functional training (60 min per day) and two weekly sessions of unsupervised aerobic training (20–30 min/session; 60–85% of maximum heart rate) for a total of 16 weeks. DXA absorptiometry was used for the assessment of body composition. Functional assessment included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by Rockport walking test, upper and lower body strength (grip strength, arm curl test, and chair stand test), walking speed (brisk walking test), and agility (8-foot up-and-go test). The HRQoL was evaluated with the QLQ-BR23 questionnaire. The adherence to the intervention was measured as the percentage of online classes attended.

          Results

          Rate of adherence for the online exercise intervention was 90 ± 17%. The exercise intervention induced significant ( p < 0.05) improvements in physical fitness: CRF (+ 9%), right arm and lower limb strength (+ 10% and + 18%, respectively) and lower limbs lean mass (+ 2% and + 3.5% for left and right leg, respectively).

          Conclusion

          This feasibility study suggests that an online home-based exercise intervention during COVID-19 lockdown could improve physical fitness and body composition in breast cancer survivors even in a context of heightened concern for future health.

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          Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis

          Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft, Gulistan Bahat, Jürgen Bauer … (2018)
          Abstract Background in 2010, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) published a sarcopenia definition that aimed to foster advances in identifying and caring for people with sarcopenia. In early 2018, the Working Group met again (EWGSOP2) to update the original definition in order to reflect scientific and clinical evidence that has built over the last decade. This paper presents our updated findings. Objectives to increase consistency of research design, clinical diagnoses and ultimately, care for people with sarcopenia. Recommendations sarcopenia is a muscle disease (muscle failure) rooted in adverse muscle changes that accrue across a lifetime; sarcopenia is common among adults of older age but can also occur earlier in life. In this updated consensus paper on sarcopenia, EWGSOP2: (1) focuses on low muscle strength as a key characteristic of sarcopenia, uses detection of low muscle quantity and quality to confirm the sarcopenia diagnosis, and identifies poor physical performance as indicative of severe sarcopenia; (2) updates the clinical algorithm that can be used for sarcopenia case-finding, diagnosis and confirmation, and severity determination and (3) provides clear cut-off points for measurements of variables that identify and characterise sarcopenia. Conclusions EWGSOP2's updated recommendations aim to increase awareness of sarcopenia and its risk. With these new recommendations, EWGSOP2 calls for healthcare professionals who treat patients at risk for sarcopenia to take actions that will promote early detection and treatment. We also encourage more research in the field of sarcopenia in order to prevent or delay adverse health outcomes that incur a heavy burden for patients and healthcare systems.
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            Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey

            Achraf Ammar, Michael Brach, Khaled Trabelsi … (2020)
            Background: Public health recommendations and governmental measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on health behaviours and lifestyles at home is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020, in seven languages, to elucidate the behavioural and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions. This report presents the results from the first thousand responders on physical activity (PA) and nutrition behaviours. Methods: Following a structured review of the literature, the “Effects of home Confinement on multiple Lifestyle Behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak (ECLB-COVID19)” Electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists and academics. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online survey platform. Thirty-five research organisations from Europe, North-Africa, Western Asia and the Americas promoted the survey in English, German, French, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese and Slovenian languages. Questions were presented in a differential format, with questions related to responses “before” and “during” confinement conditions. Results: 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%) were included in the analysis. The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on all PA intensity levels (vigorous, moderate, walking and overall). Additionally, daily sitting time increased from 5 to 8 h per day. Food consumption and meal patterns (the type of food, eating out of control, snacks between meals, number of main meals) were more unhealthy during confinement, with only alcohol binge drinking decreasing significantly. Conclusion: While isolation is a necessary measure to protect public health, results indicate that it alters physical activity and eating behaviours in a health compromising direction. A more detailed analysis of survey data will allow for a segregation of these responses in different age groups, countries and other subgroups, which will help develop interventions to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviours that have manifested during the COVID-19 confinement.
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              Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey

              Claudia Leggeri, Francesco Scerbo, Ernesto Esposito … (2020)
              Background On December 12th 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-Cov2) emerged in Wuhan, China, sparking a pandemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans (COVID-19). On the 24th of April 2020, the number of COVID-19 deaths in the world, according to the COVID-Case Tracker by Johns Hopkins University, was 195,313, and the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases was 2,783,512. The COVID-19 pandemic represents a massive impact on human health, causing sudden lifestyle changes, through social distancing and isolation at home, with social and economic consequences. Optimizing public health during this pandemic requires not only knowledge from the medical and biological sciences, but also of all human sciences related to lifestyle, social and behavioural studies, including dietary habits and lifestyle. Methods Our study aimed to investigate the immediate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating habits and lifestyle changes among the Italian population aged ≥ 12 years. The study comprised a structured questionnaire packet that inquired demographic information (age, gender, place of residence, current employment); anthropometric data (reported weight and height); dietary habits information (adherence to the Mediterranean diet, daily intake of certain foods, food frequency, and number of meals/day); lifestyle habits information (grocery shopping, habit of smoking, sleep quality and physical activity). The survey was conducted from the 5th to the 24th of April 2020. Results A total of 3533 respondents have been included in the study, aged between 12 and 86 years (76.1% females). The perception of weight gain was observed in 48.6% of the population; 3.3% of smokers decided to quit smoking; a slight increased physical activity has been reported, especially for bodyweight training, in 38.3% of respondents; the population group aged 18–30 years resulted in having a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet when compared to the younger and the elderly population (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively); 15% of respondents turned to farmers or organic, purchasing fruits and vegetables, especially in the North and Center of Italy, where BMI values were lower. Conclusions In this study, we have provided for the first time data on the Italian population lifestyle, eating habits and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet pattern during the COVID-19 lockdown. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, our data need to be confirmed and investigated in future more extensive population studies.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Lucia Sagarra-Romero:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5929-6449
                lsagarra@usj.es
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Support Care Cancer
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Support Care Cancer
                Title: Supportive Care in Cancer
                Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                ISSN (Print): 0941-4355
                ISSN (Electronic): 1433-7339
                Publication date (Electronic): 26 April 2022
                Pages: 1-11
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.440816.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1762 4960, GAIAS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, , Universidad San Jorge, ; Autovía A-23. Km 299. 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
                [2 ]GRID grid.5690.a, ISNI 0000 0001 2151 2978, LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, , Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ; 28040 Madrid, Spain
                [3 ]Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
                [4 ]GRID grid.11205.37, ISNI 0000 0001 2152 8769, GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, , Universidad de Zaragoza, ; Zaragoza, Spain
                [5 ]GRID grid.11205.37, ISNI 0000 0001 2152 8769, Agro-Alimentary Institute of Aragón-IA2-(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), ; 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
                [6 ]Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBERObn), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
                [7 ]GRID grid.7759.c, ISNI 0000000103580096, MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, , University of Cadiz, ; 11519 Puerto Real, Spain
                [8 ]GRID grid.411342.1, ISNI 0000 0004 1771 1175, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, , Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, ; 11009 Cádiz, Spain
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5929-6449
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-1640
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0137-9900
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4303-4097
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-3246
                Article
                Publisher ID: 7069
                DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07069-4
                PMC ID: 9039602
                PubMed ID: 35471614
                SO-VID: ae48b2d3-6682-48ec-a564-7880e92e813d
                Copyright © © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022
                License:

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                Date received : 26 November 2021
                Date accepted : 13 April 2022
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Keywords: breast neoplasms,coronavirus,exercise,lockdown,physical function
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Keywords: breast neoplasms, coronavirus, exercise, lockdown, physical function

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