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      Factores que influyen en el uso de mecanismos de coordinación entre niveles asistenciales en Colombia Translated title: Factors influencing the use of mechanisms for coordinating healthcare levels in Colombia

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo Analizar los factores que inciden en la utilización de mecanismos de coordinación clínica entre niveles de atención en dos redes de servicios de salud de Bogotá (Colombia), desde la perspectiva de los actores principales. Método Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo-interpretativo, en dos redes de servicios de salud públicas, mediante entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas y grupos de discusión. Se realizó un muestreo teórico en dos etapas: 1) selección de centros de diferentes niveles de atención y 2) selección de informantes: directivos/as (n=19), profesionales de salud (n=23) y administrativos/as (n=20). Se realizó un análisis de contenido, con generación mixta de categorías y segmentación por red, grupos de informantes y temas. Resultados En ambas redes se identificaron pocos mecanismos de coordinación clínica entre niveles, con predominio de los mecanismos de transferencia de información, y como mecanismos de coordinación de gestión clínica solo los dedicados a atención maternal-perinatal. Emergieron problemas uso relacionados con factores organizativos (falta de tiempo, rotación del personal, uso administrativo, déficit tecnológico) y de los/las profesionales (desinterés), con consecuencias sobre la coordinación (limitada transferencia de información y seguimiento de la atención) y la calidad de la atención (retrasos en diagnósticos y tratamientos). Conclusiones Los resultados indican una limitada implementación de mecanismos de coordinación clínica en general, con problemas en su uso. Se requieren cambios sobre factores organizativos (tiempo para la coordinación y condiciones de trabajo) y de los/las profesionales (actitudes hacia el trabajo colaborativo).

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective To analyse the factors influencing the use of mechanisms for the clinical coordination of two Colombian public healthcare networks' healthcare levels in Bogotá from the main social actors' perspective. Method This was a descriptive-interpretative, qualitative study of two public healthcare networks. Discussion groups and semi-structured interviews were used for collecting information. The approach involved two-stage theoretical sampling of a selection of centres operating at different healthcare levels and a selection of informants, including managers (n=19), healthcare employees (n=23) and administrative staff (n=20). Content analysis involved adopting a mixed method approach for generating categories, segmented by network, informant group and topic. Results Both networks had few mechanisms for enabling the clinical coordination of healthcare levels; information transfer mechanisms predominated and clinical management coordination mechanisms only dealt with maternal-perinatal care. Organisational factor-related complications were found regarding their use: lack of time, staff turnover, administrative use and technological deficiency. Employee/staff-related difficulties were due to lack of interest. These factors directly affected coordination with limited information transfer, patient follow-up and healthcare quality (diagnosis and treatment delays). Conclusions The results highlighted the limited use of clinical coordination mechanisms in both public healthcare networks studied here, with problems in their use. Changes are required that affect directly organisational factors (time for coordination and working conditions) and professional factors (attitudes towards collaborative work).

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          Communication in healthcare: a narrative review of the literature and practical recommendations

          Summary Objectives Effective and efficient communication is crucial in healthcare. Written communication remains the most prevalent form of communication between specialised and primary care. We aimed at reviewing the literature on the quality of written communication, the impact of communication inefficiencies and recommendations to improve written communication in healthcare. Design Narrative literature review. Methods A search was carried out on the databases PubMed, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library by means of the (MeSH)terms ‘communication’, ‘primary health care’, ‘correspondence’, ‘patient safety’, ‘patient handoff’ and ‘continuity of patient care’. Reviewers screened 4609 records and 462 full texts were checked according following inclusion criteria: (1) publication between January 1985 and March 2014, (2) availability as full text in English, (3) categorisation as original research, reviews, meta‐analyses or letters to the editor. Results A total of 69 articles were included in this review. It was found that poor communication can lead to various negative outcomes: discontinuity of care, compromise of patient safety, patient dissatisfaction and inefficient use of valuable resources, both in unnecessary investigations and physician worktime as well as economic consequences. Conclusion There is room for improvement of both content and timeliness of written communication. The delineation of ownership of the communication process should be clear. Peer review, process indicators and follow‐up tools are required to measure the impact of quality improvement initiatives. Communication between caregivers should feature more prominently in graduate and postgraduate training, to become engraved as an essential skill and quality characteristic of each caregiver.
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            Referral and consultation communication between primary care and specialist physicians: finding common ground.

            Communication between primary care physicians (PCPs) and specialists regarding referrals and consultations is often inadequate, with negative consequences for patients. We examined PCPs' and specialists' perceptions of communication regarding referrals and consultations. We then identified practice characteristics associated with reported communication. We analyzed the nationally representative 2008 Center for Studying Health System Change Health Tracking Physician Survey of 4720 physicians providing at least 20 hours per week of direct patient care. Outcome measures were physician reports of communication regarding referrals and consultations. Perceptions of communication regarding referrals and consultations differed. For example, 69.3% of PCPs reported "always" or "most of the time" sending notification of a patient's history and reason for consultation to specialists, but only 34.8% of specialists said they "always" or "most of the time" received such notification. Similarly, 80.6% of specialists said they "always" or "most of the time" send consultation results to the referring PCP, but only 62.2% of PCPs said they received such information. Physicians who did not receive timely communication regarding referrals and consultations were more likely to report that their ability to provide high-quality care was threatened. The 3 practice characteristics associated with PCPs and specialists reporting communication regarding referrals and consultations were "adequate" visit time with patients, receipt of quality reports regarding patients with chronic conditions, and nurse support for monitoring patients with chronic conditions. These modifiable practice supports associated with communication between PCPs and specialists can help inform the ways that resources are focused to improve care coordination.
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              Combating health care fragmentation through integrated health service delivery networks in the Americas: lessons learned

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS) (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                April 2021
                : 35
                : 2
                : 177-185
                Affiliations
                [2] Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona) Cataluña orgnameUniversitat Autónoma de Barcelona orgdiv1Departamento de Pediatría, de Obstetricia y Ginecología, y de Medicina Preventiva Spain
                [1] Bogotá Bogotá orgnameUniversidad del Rosario orgdiv1Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud Colombia
                [3] Barcelona orgnameConsorci de Salut i Social de Catalunya orgdiv1Grup de Recerca en Polítiques de Salut i Serveis Sanitaris (GRPSS) orgdiv2Servei d'Estudis i Prospectives en Polítiques de Salut Spain
                Article
                S0213-91112021000200177 S0213-9111(21)03500200177
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.06.005
                ada5d189-bde8-4ac8-9508-eab6ddfdd09c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 June 2019
                : 08 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Qualitative research,Health services administration,Integrated health care systems,Health services evaluation,Colombia,Investigación cualitativa,Administración de servicios de salud,Sistemas integrados de atención de salud,Evaluación de servicios de salud

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