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      Practical Bayesian model evaluation using leave-one-out cross-validation and WAIC

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      Statistics and Computing
      Springer Nature

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          Bayesian Theory

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            A survey of cross-validation procedures for model selection

            Used to estimate the risk of an estimator or to perform model selection, cross-validation is a widespread strategy because of its simplicity and its apparent universality. Many results exist on the model selection performances of cross-validation procedures. This survey intends to relate these results to the most recent advances of model selection theory, with a particular emphasis on distinguishing empirical statements from rigorous theoretical results. As a conclusion, guidelines are provided for choosing the best cross-validation procedure according to the particular features of the problem in hand.
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              Penalized loss functions for Bayesian model comparison.

              The deviance information criterion (DIC) is widely used for Bayesian model comparison, despite the lack of a clear theoretical foundation. DIC is shown to be an approximation to a penalized loss function based on the deviance, with a penalty derived from a cross-validation argument. This approximation is valid only when the effective number of parameters in the model is much smaller than the number of independent observations. In disease mapping, a typical application of DIC, this assumption does not hold and DIC under-penalizes more complex models. Another deviance-based loss function, derived from the same decision-theoretic framework, is applied to mixture models, which have previously been considered an unsuitable application for DIC.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Statistics and Computing
                Stat Comput
                Springer Nature
                0960-3174
                1573-1375
                September 2017
                August 2016
                : 27
                : 5
                : 1413-1432
                Article
                10.1007/s11222-016-9696-4
                ace2e465-78d1-4bef-8c76-5b10c7ce66e5
                © 2017
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