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      Tomato progenies selection in Rondônia, Brazil Translated title: Seleção de progênies de tomate em Rondônia

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT This study aimed to select endogamic progenies of tomato cv. Yoshimatsu and to conduct a progeny test in the state of Rondônia. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replicates and eight plants per plot, spacing 1x0.5 m, with one stem. A significant variation was observed among the fifteen progenies for productivity (2.0-5.5 kg plant-1), seed mass with placenta (18-31.5 g fruit-1), number of fruits per plant (18.8-38.7) and soluble solids (3.4-4.2°Brix). No significant variation was noticed for fruit size, pericarp thickness, number of locules, pH, number of flowers and fruit set, though. P6 progeny showed to be the most productive one (110 t ha-1): average fruit mass was 142.5 g, salad type tomato, 7.5 locules, 3.5°Brix, pH 4.2, 60.9 flowers per plant and 64.2% fruit set. Thus, these data show genetic variability of cultivar Yoshimatsu, being possible to obtain lines and/or cultivars with medium to large fruits adapted to the state of Rondônia.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar progênies endogâmicas de tomate, a partir da cultivar Yoshimatsu e realizar teste de progênies no estado de Rondônia, seguindo o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e oito plantas por parcela, num espaçamento de 1x0,5 m, conduzidas com uma haste. Mediante analise dos resultados verificou-se que há variação significativa entre as quinze progênies para produtividade (2,0-5,5 kg planta-1), massa das sementes com placenta (18,0-31,5 g fruto-1), número de frutos planta-1 (18,8-38,7) e sólidos solúveis (3,4-4,2°Brix), porém não para tamanho de fruto, espessura do pericarpo, número de lóculos, pH, número de flores e pegamento de frutos. A progênie P6 foi a mais produtiva (110 t/ha), com massa média do fruto de 142,5 g, formato tipo salada, 7,5 lóculos, 3,5°Brix, pH 4,2, número de flores 60,9 e pegamento de frutos 64,2%. Assim, há variabilidade genética dentro da cultivar Yoshimatsu e é possível obter linhagens e/ou cultivares com frutos médios a grandes adaptados ao estado de Rondônia.

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          The Assistat Software Version 7.7 and its use in the analysis of experimental data

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            Dissecting the genetic pathway to extreme fruit size in tomato using a cross between the small-fruited wild species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium and L. esculentum var. Giant Heirloom.

            In an effort to determine the genetic basis of exceptionally large tomato fruits, QTL analysis was performed on a population derived from a cross between the wild species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (average fruit weight, 1 g) and the L. esculentum cultivar var. Giant Heirloom, which bears fruit in excess of 1000 g. QTL analysis revealed that the majority (67%) of phenotypic variation in fruit size could be attributed to six major loci localized on chromosomes 1-3 and 11. None of the QTL map to novel regions of the genome-all have been reported in previous studies involving moderately sized tomatoes. This result suggests that no major QTL beyond those already reported were involved in the evolution of extremely large fruit. However, this is the first time that all six QTL have emerged in a single population, suggesting that exceptionally large-fruited varieties, such as Giant Heirloom, are the result of a novel combination of preexisting QTL alleles. One of the detected QTL, fw2.2, has been cloned and exerts its effect on fruit size through global control of cell division early in carpel/fruit development. However, the most significant QTL detected in this study (fw11.3, lcn11.1) maps to the bottom of chromosome 11 and seems to exert its effect on fruit size through control of carpel/locule number. A second major locus, also affecting carpel number (and hence fruit size), was mapped to chromosome 2 (fw2.1, lcn2.1). We propose that these two carpel number QTL correspond to the loci described by early classical geneticists as fasciated (f) and locule number (lc), respectively.
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              Evaluating the genetic basis of multiple-locule fruit in a broad cross section of tomato cultivars.

              Lycopersicon esculentum accessions bearing fasciated (multiloculed) fruit were characterized based on their flower organ and locule number phenotypes. Greenhouse and field evaluations indicate that increases in locule number are associated with increases in the number of other floral organs (e.g., sepals, petals, stamens) in all stocks. F1 complementation, F2 segregation analysis, and genetic mapping indicate that at least four loci account for increases in the number of carpels/locules in these stocks. The most significant of these map to the bottoms of chromosomes 2 and 11 and correspond to the locule number and fasciated loci. All stocks tested were fixed for mutations at the fasciated locus, which maps to the 0.5-cM interval between the markers T302 and cLET24J2A and occurs in at least three allelic forms (wild type and two mutants). One of the fasciated mutant alleles is associated with nonfused carpels and repressed recombination and may be due to a small inversion or deletion. The other two loci controlling locule number correspond to the lcn1.1 and lcn2.2 loci located on chromosomes 1 and 2, respectively. Copyright 2004 Springer-Verlag
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                hb
                Horticultura Brasileira
                Hortic. Bras.
                Associação Brasileira de Horticultura (Vitoria da Conquista, BA, Brazil )
                0102-0536
                1806-9991
                April 2019
                : 37
                : 1
                : 106-111
                Affiliations
                [1] Manaus Amazonas orgnameInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Brazil marques.f.j.m@ 123456gmail.com
                [2] Araras São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Federal de São Carlos Brazil vizu.juliana@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S0102-05362019000100106
                10.1590/s0102-053620190117
                ac251a8e-93d5-4a88-9b7a-60e9fa901272

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 November 2018
                : 20 March 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Scientific Communication

                Solanum lycopersicum,progeny test,plant breeding,Amazon,agronomical performance,teste de progênies,melhoramento,Amazônia,desempenho agronômico

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