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      Lung Cancer and Pleural Mesothelioma Risk Assessment for the General Population Exposed to Asbestos in Different Regions of Tehran, Iran

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          Abstract

          Background: Asbestos is a natural fiber leading to health risks like chronic lung diseases. The current study aimed to estimate pleural mesothelioma and lung cancer risk for population exposure to asbestos in Tehran, Iran.

          Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

          Methods: According to the annual report of Air Quality Control Company (AQCC), from 2011-2020, carcinogenic risk and mesothelioma were assessed based on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The relative risk (RR) of mortality cancer was calculated based on Camus and colleagues’ model. Moreover, mesothelioma risk was estimated by Bourgault and colleagues’ model.

          Results: The mean concentration and health risk of asbestos in ambient air generally reduced from 2011 to 2020. The highest mortality risk for lung cancer was 8.4 per 100000 persons in 2011 and reduced to 1.8 in 2017. For mesothelioma, the corresponding values were 8.96 per 100000 persons in 2011 and reduced to 1.92 in 2017.

          Conclusion: The findings of this study could be helpful to health policymakers in the management of asbestos risk.

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          Monte Carlo sampling methods using Markov chains and their applications

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            Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola: A tropical urban environment

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              Epidemiology of mesothelioma in the 21 st century in Europe and the United States, 40 years after restricted/banned asbestos use

              Research has established a strong association between asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma, a deadly form of cancer. Since the early 1980’s many countries have restricted or banned the production of asbestos, leading to a decline of occupational asbestos exposure in many industrialized countries. However, some countries continue to use asbestos, and worldwide rates of mesothelioma are still increasing. Because of the long latency between exposure and mesothelioma occurrence and the persistence of environmental exposure, incidence rates (IR) may decrease very slowly for several years ahead. In this review, we examine estimates of asbestos consumption before widespread asbestos regulations and the trends in incidence and mortality rates, as well as changes over time for the United States and Europe. In some countries with earlier asbestos restrictions, mesothelioma incidence has been in a modest decline over time. However, asbestos exposure is still a burden worldwide and legislative action is needed to obtain a full ban. The pattern of mesothelioma is shifting from a mostly male disease to a disease that affects females as well in substantial numbers. Studies on unknown sources of asbestos exposure, of other sources of natural exposure to asbestos and asbestos-like fibers, as well as of individual genetic susceptibility to asbestos fibers are needed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Res Health Sci
                J Res Health Sci
                J Res Health Sci
                JRHS
                Journal of Research in Health Sciences
                Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
                2228-7795
                2228-7809
                Fall 2022
                29 December 2022
                : 22
                : 4
                : e00563
                Affiliations
                1Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                2Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author: Yousef Mohammadian (PhD) Tel:+91 41243406 Email: Mohammadian_yosef@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                10.34172/jrhs.2022.98
                10422159
                aac7e5b0-5808-4a1d-b701-7fd36d250770
                © 2022 The Author(s); Published by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 13 September 2022
                : 06 December 2022
                : 28 December 2022
                Categories
                Original Article

                asbestos,lung,mesothelioma,neoplasms,quantitative health risk assessment

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