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      Técnica de Cox sem crioablação para tratamento cirúrgico da fibrilação atrial Translated title: Maze operation (Cox) without croablation for surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation

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          Abstract

          Seis pacientes foram submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico da fibrilação atrial (FA) pela técnica do labirinto (Cox), sem a uitilização da crioblação. Quatro pacientes apresentavam estenose mitral (EM) associada, 1 insuficiência mitral e 1 dupla lesão mitral. Um dos pacientes apresentava estenose tricúspide e 2 insuficiênciatricúspide associadas. O diâmetro médio do átrio esquerdo, medido pelo ecocardiograma era de 6,0 cm (5-7,3). A etiologia era reumática em 5 pacientes e degenerativa em 1. Plastia valvar mitral foi realizada em 3 pacientes, comissurotomia mitral em 2 e troca valvar mitral em 1. Em 4 pacientes havia trombos no átrio esquerdo, um deles também no átrio direito. O tempo médio de circulação extracorpórea foi de 123 minutos (110-142) e de anóxia do miocárdio de 91 minutos (80-108). Na sala de operações o ritmo inicial era juncional em 4 e sinusal em 2. No pós-operatório imediato, todos apresentavam ritmo juncional, passando para ritmo sinusal em todos, exceto em 1. Os pacientes receberam alta hospitalar (8-27 dias) em boas condições, sem utilização de drogas antiarrítmicas e o Holter de 24 horas mostrava ritmo sinusal em 5 pacientes e ritmo atrial ectópico em 1 paciente. O estudo hemodinâmico e o ecodoppler revelaram contração atrial sincrónica em todos os casos, exceto em 1. O diâmetro atrial esquerdo médio era de 4,8 cm (3,7 - 5,2).

          Translated abstract

          Six patients with atrial fibrillation were submitted to maze operation (Cox) without crioablation. Four patients had also mitral stenosis, one had mitral insufficiency and one mitral insufficiency plus mitral stenosis. The mean left atrium diameter was 6.0 cm (5-7.3) in the preoperative ecodopplercardiogram. The ethiology was rheumatic in all but one patient. Conservative mitral valve surgery was performed in five patients and mitral valve replacement in one. Thrombosis of the left atrium was present in four patients. The mean cross-clamping time was 91 minutes (80-108). In the operating room, sinus rhythm was observed in two patients and junctional rhythm in four. In the first postoperative day all patients were in junctional rhthminfour. In the firstpostoperative day all patients were in junctional rhythm. The Holter (24 hours) in the eighteeth postoperative day showed sinus rhythm in five and atrial ectopic rhythm in one. The hemodynamic data and the ecodoppler showed synchronic left atrial contraction in all but one patient and a mean left atrium diameter of 4.8 cm (3.7-5.2). The patients discharged from hospital (8-27 days) are in excellent conditions.

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          The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. III. Development of a definitive surgical procedure.

          On the basis of the known electrophysiologic mechanisms of atrial fibrillation, multiple surgical procedures were designed and tested in dogs to determine the feasibility of developing a surgical cure for human atrial fibrillation. These experimental studies culminated in a surgical approach that effectively creates an electrical maze in the atrium. The atrial incisions prevent atrial reentry and allow sinus impulses to activate the entire atrial myocardium, thereby preserving atrial transport function postoperatively. Since September 1987, this surgical procedure has been applied in seven patients, five with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of 2 to 9 years' duration and two with chronic atrial fibrillation of 3 and 10 years' duration. All seven patients have been cured of atrial fibrillation and none is receiving any postoperative antiarrhythmic medications.
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            The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. IV. Surgical technique.

            Carla Cox (1991)
            The operative technique for the current surgical procedure of creating an electrical maze for the treatment of atrial fibrillation is described in a sequential fashion. The accompanying diagrams of the procedure are drawn from the view of the operating surgeon.
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              The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. I. Summary of the current concepts of the mechanisms of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation.

              Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia that is frequently resistant to medical therapy and has no satisfactory surgical therapy. The development of an effective surgical procedure to treat atrial fibrillation has been hampered by the paucity of clinically relevant information on the basic mechanisms responsible for the arrhythmia. This paper summarizes the current concepts of the electrophysiologic abnormalities in atrial flutter and fibrillation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbccv
                Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
                Braz. J. Cardiovasc. Surg.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0102-7638
                1678-9741
                September 1993
                : 8
                : 3
                : 220-224
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameHospital Evangélico
                [01] orgnameFundação Universidade Estadual orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina
                Article
                S0102-76381993000300006 S0102-7638(93)00800306
                a9ff76cd-8282-41c4-a8d0-87a150d9ed2f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 October 1993
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 6, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                fibrilação atrial,atrial fibrillation,Cox, técnica de,"labirinto",Cox operation

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