Migrasomes and tetraspanins in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and future prospects

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Abstract

In recent years, many studies have attempted to clarify the formation, structure and biological function of migrasomes, which are defined as specialized organelles formed by the tips and intersections of Retraction Fibrils during cell migration. It has confirmed that migrasomes were involved in various critical biological processes and diseases, and has became a new research hotspot. In this paper, we reviewed the formation and biological functions of migrasomes, explored the relationship between migrasomes, tetraspanins and hepatocellular carcinoma and discussed the potential applications of migrasomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Migrasomes are specialized parts of the cell that are responsible for transporting proteins and molecules to their designated cellular locations. In this review, we have attempted to understand their formation, structure and biological function. We have also discussed the potential applications of migrasomes in liver cancer. Our study concluded that more research is required for a better understanding of migrasomes and their contents in liver cancer.

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Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries

Ahmedin Jemal, Lindsey A Torre, Rebecca Siegel … (2018)

This article provides a status report on the global burden of cancer worldwide using the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, with a focus on geographic variability across 20 world regions. There will be an estimated 18.1 million new cancer cases (17.0 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 9.6 million cancer deaths (9.5 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) in 2018. In both sexes combined, lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer (11.6% of the total cases) and the leading cause of cancer death (18.4% of the total cancer deaths), closely followed by female breast cancer (11.6%), prostate cancer (7.1%), and colorectal cancer (6.1%) for incidence and colorectal cancer (9.2%), stomach cancer (8.2%), and liver cancer (8.2%) for mortality. Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among males, followed by prostate and colorectal cancer (for incidence) and liver and stomach cancer (for mortality). Among females, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death, followed by colorectal and lung cancer (for incidence), and vice versa (for mortality); cervical cancer ranks fourth for both incidence and mortality. The most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death, however, substantially vary across countries and within each country depending on the degree of economic development and associated social and life style factors. It is noteworthy that high-quality cancer registry data, the basis for planning and implementing evidence-based cancer control programs, are not available in most low- and middle-income countries. The Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development is an international partnership that supports better estimation, as well as the collection and use of local data, to prioritize and evaluate national cancer control efforts. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2018;0:1-31. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

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Cancer statistics, 2019

Rebecca Siegel, Kimberly D Miller, Ahmedin Jemal (2019)

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data, available through 2015, were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data, available through 2016, were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2019, 1,762,450 new cancer cases and 606,880 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Over the past decade of data, the cancer incidence rate (2006-2015) was stable in women and declined by approximately 2% per year in men, whereas the cancer death rate (2007-2016) declined annually by 1.4% and 1.8%, respectively. The overall cancer death rate dropped continuously from 1991 to 2016 by a total of 27%, translating into approximately 2,629,200 fewer cancer deaths than would have been expected if death rates had remained at their peak. Although the racial gap in cancer mortality is slowly narrowing, socioeconomic inequalities are widening, with the most notable gaps for the most preventable cancers. For example, compared with the most affluent counties, mortality rates in the poorest counties were 2-fold higher for cervical cancer and 40% higher for male lung and liver cancers during 2012-2016. Some states are home to both the wealthiest and the poorest counties, suggesting the opportunity for more equitable dissemination of effective cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies. A broader application of existing cancer control knowledge with an emphasis on disadvantaged groups would undoubtedly accelerate progress against cancer.

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Ectosomes and exosomes: shedding the confusion between extracellular vesicles.

Emanuele Cocucci, Jacopo Meldolesi (2015)

Long- and short-distance communication can take multiple forms. Among them are exosomes and ectosomes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from the cell to deliver signals to target cells. While most of our understanding of how these vesicles are assembled and work comes from mechanistic studies performed on exosomes, recent studies have begun to shift their focus to ectosomes. Unlike exosomes, which are released on the exocytosis of multivesicular bodies (MVBs), ectosomes are ubiquitous vesicles assembled at and released from the plasma membrane. Here we review the similarities and differences between these two classes of vesicle, suggesting that, despite their considerable differences, the functions of ectosomes may be largely analogous to those of exosomes. Both vesicles appear to be promising targets in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases, especially cancer.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Future Sci OA

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Future Sci OA

Journal ID (publisher-id): FSOA

Title: Future Science OA

Publisher: Future Science Ltd (London, UK )

ISSN (Electronic): 2056-5623

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 08 August 2023

Publication date (Electronic, collection): October 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 08 August 2023

Volume: 9

Issue: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: FSO890

Affiliations

[1 ]Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics & Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China

[2 ]Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China

Author notes

[* ]Author for correspondence: zhzhb12345@ 123456163.com

[** ]Author for correspondence: sktan2008@ 123456sina.com

Author information

Zhongqi Zhang https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9243-6101

Article

DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0086

PMC ID: 10518826

PubMed ID: 37752917

SO-VID: a9c68412-4959-487a-acad-8a3c12960980

License:

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License

History

Date received : 24 May 2023

Date accepted : 24 July 2023

Date: 08 August 2023

Page count

Pages: 11

Funding

Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 82060621

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Migrasomes and tetraspanins in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and future prospects

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Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 54

Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries

Cancer statistics, 2019

Ectosomes and exosomes: shedding the confusion between extracellular vesicles.

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