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      Efeito da aplicação de silicato de cálcio em Brachiaria rizantha cv. Marandu sobre a população de ninfas do percevejo castanho das raízes Scaptocoris carvalhoi Becker, 1967, características químicas do solo, planta e produção de matéria seca Translated title: Application effect of calcium silicate in Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu on the nymph population of the brown root stinkbug, soil chemical characteristics, and plant and dry matter production

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          Abstract

          Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de silicato de cálcio sobre a população de ninfas de percevejo castanho das raízes em Brachiaria brizantha, nas características químicas do solo, planta e produção de matéria seca. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando 20 parcelas. Os tratamentos testados foram cinco doses (0, 0,5, 1, 2, e 4 t ha-1) de silicato de cálcio aplicadas junto com a adubação NPK na implantação da B. brizantha. Foi avaliado o número de ninfas do percevejo (profundidade de 0 a 40 cm), o pH e os teores de cálcio e de silício no solo. Aos 120 dias do plantio, a gramínea foi cortada, determinando-se a composição química e a produção de massa seca. Verificou-se que a aplicação de 2,6 t ha-1 de silicato de cálcio foi a melhor dosagem estimada para a redução de ninfas do percevejo castanho das raízes. A aplicação de doses crescentes de silicato de cálcio no solo promoveu o incremento do pH, dos teores de cálcio e silício no solo e o aumento na produção de matéria seca de B. brizantha.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different calcium silicate rates on the nymph population of the brown root stinkbug in B. brizantha cv. marandu, in the soil chemical characteristics, and plant and dry matter production. The experiment was carried out in casualized blocks with five treatments and four repetitions, in a total of 20 plots. The treatments tested were five rates (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 t ha -1) of calcium silicate applied together with NPK fertilization in the implantation of B. brizantha. The nymph number (depths 0 to 40 cm), pH, and soil calcium and silicon content were evaluated. On the 120th day after sowing, the grass was cut to determine the chemical composition and dry matter production. It was verified that the application of 2.6 t ha -1 of calcium silicate was the best estimated rate for the reduction of brown root stinkbug nymphs. The application of increasing doses of calcium silicate in the soil caused an increase of the pH, calcium and silicon content in the soil, and an increase in B. brizantha dry matter production.

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          Climatologia do Brasil

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            Resistance induction in wheat plants by silicon and aphids

            The pest greenbug Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) stands out among the factors limiting Brazilian wheat production. Chemical control is predominant in aphid management making the production dependent on insecticides. The effect of silicon and previous infestation with aphids on the induction of resistance to the greenbug was evaluated in wheat plants. Treatments consisted of control; fertilization with calcium silicate; plant infestation with aphids; fertilization with calcium silicate + plant infestation with aphids. A free-choice preference test was performed 35 days after seedling emergence; the aphid's intrinsic rate of population increase (r m) was also determined, and the activities of three enzymes (peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) involved in plant defense were quantified. Silicon fertilization and the previous infestation with aphids induced wheat plant resistance to the greenbug.
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              Manual de análises químicas de solo, plantas e fertilizantes.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cagro
                Ciência e Agrotecnologia
                Ciênc. agrotec.
                Editora da UFLA (Lavras, MG, Brazil )
                1413-7054
                1981-1829
                December 2009
                : 33
                : 6
                : 1518-1526
                Affiliations
                [01] Rondonópolis MT orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
                [02] Lavras MG orgnameUniversidade Federal de Lavras orgdiv1Departamento de Entomologia jcmoraes@ 123456ufla.br
                [03] Rondonópolis MT orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Departamento de Zootecnia
                [04] Cuiabá MT orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária
                Article
                S1413-70542009000600009 S1413-7054(09)03300609
                a919c80a-1ed0-4ce3-97f3-eb9588518b03

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 March 2009
                : 09 April 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Ciências Agrárias

                Poaceae,Silicon,Insecta,poaceae,Silício
                Poaceae, Silicon, Insecta, poaceae, Silício

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