Ocular Manifestations of Leukemia and Results of Treatment with Intravitreal Methotrexate

Abstract

Ocular involvement in leukemia is considered rare. Ocular symptoms can be the presenting signs of leukemia, they can appear after diagnosis has been established, or they can be the first manifestation of a relapse after remission. We report, to the best of our knowledge for the first time, the ocular manifestation of a series of patients with ocular leukemia and the result of their treatment with intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) injections. This is a retrospective cohort study. The medical records of 12 consecutive patients with ocular leukemia (24 eyes, 11 eyes treated with MTX) treated at the Sheba Medical Center from January 2010 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Details on ocular inflammatory reaction and tumor cell infiltration at presentation and the end of follow-up were recorded as main outcome measures. The 12 patients included 7 women and 5 men (mean age ± standard deviation at diagnosis 25.92 ± 23.91 years, range 2–82 years). Eleven eyes of 6 patients were treated with intravitreal MTX injections. The indication for treatment was biopsy proven, tumor cell infiltration. The mean number of MTX injections was 3.37 ± 5.35 (range 1–18). The mean follow-up was 27.08 ± 36.79 months (range 1–93). All treated eyes showed improvement in the inflammatory reaction and tumor cell infiltration. In conclusion we found that Intravitreal MTX injections may be an effective therapeutic approach for eyes with intraocular leukemic tumor cell infiltration.