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      La relación entre ansiedad y rendimiento académico en los estudiantes ecuatorianos de 15 años Translated title: The relationship between anxiety and academic performance in 15-year-old Ecuadorian students

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          Abstract

          Resumen: La ansiedad es un estado mental de intensa preocupación que puede afectar el desempeño de los estudiantes tanto positiva como negativamente. A nivel internacional, estudios recientes muestran elevados porcentajes de estudiantes diagnosticados con ansiedad y depresión. Este artículo analiza de manera cuantitativa la forma en la que se relaciona la ansiedad con el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes ecuatorianos. Se utiliza un modelo de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO) con efectos fijos por escuela para estimar una función de producción educativa. Los resultados confirman que, hasta ciertos niveles de ansiedad, los puntajes de los estudiantes mejoran. Sin embargo, una vez que los niveles de ansiedad son elevados -un umbral que es más alto para los estudiantes varones- el puntaje es afectado negativamente. Estos hallazgos resultan relevantes por dos razones. Primero, porque en la adolescencia las vivencias y las relaciones interpersonales tienen un impacto en la formación de la personalidad e influyen en la formación de habilidades cognitivas, no cognitivas y emocionales. Segundo, porque en el contexto actual, marcado por la situación post pandémica, la ansiedad se ha convertido en un estado mental frecuente. El artículo concluye reflexionando sobre la importancia de repensar los procesos pedagógicos en las escuelas, así como de analizar estrategias para introducir la salud mental en el currículo escolar.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Anxiety is a state of mind of intense worry that can affect students’ performance both positively and negatively. Internationally, recent studies show high percentages of students diagnosed with anxiety and depression. This paper seeks to quantitatively analyze how anxiety is related to academic performance in Ecuadorian students. An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model with school fixed effects estimates an educational production function. The results confirm that, up to certain levels of anxiety, students' scores improve. However, once anxiety levels are elevated -a threshold that is higher for male students- scores are negatively affected. These findings are relevant for two reasons. First, during adolescence, experiences and interpersonal relationships impact personality construction and influence the development of cognitive, non-cognitive and emotional skills. Second, given the current post-pandemic situation, in which anxiety is a frequent scenario. This research concludes that it is necessary to reflect on the importance of rethinking pedagogical processes in schools and to analyze strategies to introduce mental health in the school curriculum.

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          The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation

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            The Technology of Skill Formation

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              Gender differences in mathematics anxiety and the relation to mathematics performance while controlling for test anxiety

              Background Mathematics anxiety (MA), a state of discomfort associated with performing mathematical tasks, is thought to affect a notable proportion of the school age population. Some research has indicated that MA negatively affects mathematics performance and that girls may report higher levels of MA than boys. On the other hand some research has indicated that boys’ mathematics performance is more negatively affected by MA than girls’ performance is. The aim of the current study was to measure girls’ and boys’ mathematics performance as well as their levels of MA while controlling for test anxiety (TA) a construct related to MA but which is typically not controlled for in MA studies. Methods Four-hundred and thirty three British secondary school children in school years 7, 8 and 10 completed customised mental mathematics tests and MA and TA questionnaires. Results No gender differences emerged for mathematics performance but levels of MA and TA were higher for girls than for boys. Girls and boys showed a positive correlation between MA and TA and a negative correlation between MA and mathematics performance. TA was also negatively correlated with mathematics performance, but this relationship was stronger for girls than for boys. When controlling for TA, the negative correlation between MA and performance remained for girls only. Regression analyses revealed that MA was a significant predictor of performance for girls but not for boys. Conclusions Our study has revealed that secondary school children experience MA. Importantly, we controlled for TA which is typically not controlled for in MA studies. Girls showed higher levels of MA than boys and high levels of MA were related to poorer levels of mathematics performance. As well as potentially having a detrimental effect on ‘online’ mathematics performance, past research has shown that high levels of MA can have negative consequences for later mathematics education. Therefore MA warrants attention in the mathematics classroom, particularly because there is evidence that MA develops during the primary school years. Furthermore, our study showed no gender difference in mathematics performance, despite girls reporting higher levels of MA. These results might suggest that girls may have had the potential to perform better than boys in mathematics however their performance may have been attenuated by their higher levels of MA. Longitudinal research is needed to investigate the development of MA and its effect on mathematics performance.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pel
                Pensamiento educativo
                Pensam. educ.
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Educación. (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-1013
                0719-0409
                April 2024
                : 61
                : 1
                Affiliations
                [1] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Las Américas Chile
                Article
                S0719-04092024000100106 S0719-0409(24)06100100106
                10.7764/pel.61.1.2023.6
                a8ad8fbb-7da1-4bb5-8bcb-c9f52173094a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 August 2023
                : 16 January 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 66, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                éxito escolar,anxiety,Ecuador,language,mathematics,school success,ansiedad,lenguaje,matemáticas

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