The effect of artificial saliva on the control of dry mouth: a semi-experimental study on COVID-19 patients under Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

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Abstract

Objectives

Since maintaining oral hygiene is essential in nursing care, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of oral care using Mucosamin artificial saliva spray to control dry mouth in ICU patients with COVID-19.

Materials and methods

The current semi-experimental research was conducted on eighty patients with COVID-19 selected using the available sampling method. The study tool was a Beck oral assessment scale (BOAS). The case and control groups were selected from two hospitals with relatively similar conditions and treatment procedures. For patients in the intervention group, mucosamin artificial saliva spray was used in addition to the common care, while control group patients received only common care.

Results

Eighty patients were randomly assigned to two groups named control and intervention (40 patients in each group). The intervention was very effective in reducing the BOAS score after four days in comparison with the control group (9.23 vs. 12.05, respectively; p-value < 0.001). Based on the adjusted model, the application of artificial saliva reduced the BOAS score, indicating improvement in mouth dryness. While the BOAS score was increased in the control group, it had a declining trend in the intervention one.

Conclusion

The study’s results showed that using artificial saliva spray could effectively reduce the symptoms of dry mouth in patients with COVID-19 treated with non-invasive mechanical ventilation.

Clinical relevance

The present study introduced an applicable solution (artificial saliva) to treat mouth dryness in ICU patients under mechanical ventilation.

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Most cited references 27

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Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods.

Robert G Newcombe (1998)

Simple interval estimate methods for proportions exhibit poor coverage and can produce evidently inappropriate intervals. Criteria appropriate to the evaluation of various proposed methods include: closeness of the achieved coverage probability to its nominal value; whether intervals are located too close to or too distant from the middle of the scale; expected interval width; avoidance of aberrations such as limits outside [0,1] or zero width intervals; and ease of use, whether by tables, software or formulae. Seven methods for the single proportion are evaluated on 96,000 parameter space points. Intervals based on tail areas and the simpler score methods are recommended for use. In each case, methods are available that aim to align either the minimum or the mean coverage with the nominal 1 -alpha.

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Olfactory and Oral Manifestations of COVID-19: Sex-Related Symptoms—A Potential Pathway to Early Diagnosis

Ameen Biadsee, Ameer Biadsee, Firas Kassem … (2020)

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a threat to global health. Early diagnosis is an essential key to limit the outbreak of the virus. Study Design Case series, study conducted between March 25, 2020, and April 15, 2020. Setting Ambulatory, nonhospitalized patients who were quarantined in a designated hotel for COVID-19 patients and were recruited by an advertisement at the hotel. Subjects and Methods In total, 140 patients participated in a web-based questionnaire assessing initial symptoms of common viral diseases, olfactory and taste functions, xerostomia, and orofacial pain. Results A total of 58 men and 70 women participated. Initial symptoms were cough (59.4%), weakness (47.7%), myalgia (46.9%), fever (42.2%), headache (40.6%), impaired sense of smell (38.3%), impaired sense of taste (32.8%), sore throat (26.6%), runny nose (26.6%), and nasal congestion (22.7%). All symptoms were more frequent among women; however, only runny nose was statistically significant (P = .018). The most common combination of symptoms was cough and weakness (37.5%). A total of 25.8% reported olfactory and taste dysfunctions in the absence of other symptoms. In a comparison between the sexes, cough and runny nose were the most common combination in women (P = .018). A total of 38.3% of patients reported olfactory dysfunction as an initial symptom. Anosmia and facial pain were more common among women (P < .001 and P = .01, respectively), and 56% of patients reported xerostomia. Conclusion A considerable number of patients presented with olfactory and oral disorders. Interestingly, women presented with a different cluster of symptoms than men, which may suggest a new clinical approach to diagnosing COVID-19 disease.

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The impact of coronavirus infectious disease 19 (COVID‐19) on oral health

Arkadiusz Dziedzic, Robert Dariusz Wojtyczka (2020)

Abstract Health services across the world face an unprecedented situation as a result of a global COVID‐19 outbreak. Urgent joined research efforts regarding the SARS‐COV‐2 rapid tests, accurate diagnosis, especially early recognition, and effective treatment of life‐threatening complications would be highly desirable for humanity and medical workforce all over the world that try to combat a current global pandemic threat. Due to indirect complex effect, intensified COVID‐19 therapies and multi‐drug treatment, it is believed that some oral conditions could be aggravated by COVID‐19 disease, particularly those with autoimmune aetiology, linked to compromised immune system or long‐term pharmacotherapy.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Navid Shafigh: navid_shafigh2005@yahoo.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Oral Health

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Oral Health

Title: BMC Oral Health

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6831

Publication date (Electronic): 31 May 2024

Publication date PMC-release: 31 May 2024

Publication date Collection: 2024

Volume: 24

Electronic Location Identifier: 643

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.411600.2, Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Modarres Educational hospital, , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ; Tehran, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.411600.2, Master of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ; Tehran, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.449248.7, Department of Nursing, Sabzevar Branch, , Islamic Azad University, ; Sabzevar, Iran

[4 ]Master of Medical Surgical Nursing, Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/034m2b326) Tehran, Iran

[5 ]Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/034m2b326) Tehran, Iran

[6 ]Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, AJA University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/028dyak29) Tehran, Iran

[7 ]GRID grid.411600.2, Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Shahid Modarres Hospital, , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ; Tehran, Iran

Article

Publisher ID: 4386

DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04386-4

PMC ID: 11140887

PubMed ID: 38822326

SO-VID: a8861b50-dd1c-4221-98c7-6fdf14629cc8

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 21 December 2023

Date accepted : 20 May 2024

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

Keywords: covid-19,non-invasive mechanical ventilation,artificial saliva,icu patients

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry

Keywords: covid-19, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, artificial saliva, icu patients

The effect of artificial saliva on the control of dry mouth: a semi-experimental study on COVID-19 patients under Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

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Abstract

Objectives

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

Related collections

Novel Coronavirus Disease COVID-19

Most cited references 27

Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods.

Olfactory and Oral Manifestations of COVID-19: Sex-Related Symptoms—A Potential Pathway to Early Diagnosis

The impact of coronavirus infectious disease 19 (COVID‐19) on oral health

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Contributors

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