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      Overexpression of Hevea brasiliensis ethylene response factor HbERF‐IXc5 enhances growth and tolerance to abiotic stress and affects laticifer differentiation

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          Summary

          Ethylene response factor 1 ( ERF1) is an essential integrator of the jasmonate and ethylene signalling pathways coordinating a large number of genes involved in plant defences. Its orthologue in Hevea brasiliensis, Hb ERFIXc5 , has been assumed to play a major role in laticifer metabolism and tolerance to harvesting stress for better latex production. This study sets out to establish and characterize rubber transgenic lines overexpressing Hb ERFIXc5 . Overexpression of Hb ERFIXc5 dramatically enhanced plant growth and enabled plants to maintain some ecophysiological parameters in response to abiotic stress such as water deficit, cold and salt treatments. This study revealed that Hb ERFIXc5 has rubber‐specific functions compared to Arabidopsis ERF1 as transgenic plants overexpressing Hb ERFIXc5 accumulated more starch and differentiated more latex cells at the histological level. The role of Hb ERFIXc5 in driving the expression of some target genes involved in laticifer differentiation is discussed.

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          Most cited references65

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          Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and the gas exchange of leaves.

          A series of experiments is presented investigating short term and long term changes of the nature of the response of rate of CO2 assimilation to intercellular p(CO2). The relationships between CO2 assimilation rate and biochemical components of leaf photosynthesis, such as ribulose-bisphosphate (RuP2) carboxylase-oxygenase activity and electron transport capacity are examined and related to current theory of CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species. It was found that the response of the rate of CO2 assimilation to irradiance, partial pressure of O2, p(O2), and temperature was different at low and high intercellular p(CO2), suggesting that CO2 assimilation rate is governed by different processes at low and high intercellular p(CO2). In longer term changes in CO2 assimilation rate, induced by different growth conditions, the initial slope of the response of CO2 assimilation rate to intercellular p(CO2) could be correlated to in vitro measurements of RuP2 carboxylase activity. Also, CO2 assimilation rate at high p(CO2) could be correlated to in vitro measurements of electron transport rate. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CO2 assimilation rate is limited by the RuP2 saturated rate of the RuP2 carboxylase-oxygenase at low intercellular p(CO2) and by the rate allowed by RuP2 regeneration capacity at high intercellular p(CO2).
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            Genome-wide analysis of the ERF gene family in Arabidopsis and rice.

            Genes in the ERF family encode transcriptional regulators with a variety of functions involved in the developmental and physiological processes in plants. In this study, a comprehensive computational analysis identified 122 and 139 ERF family genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica), respectively. A complete overview of this gene family in Arabidopsis is presented, including the gene structures, phylogeny, chromosome locations, and conserved motifs. In addition, a comparative analysis between these genes in Arabidopsis and rice was performed. As a result of these analyses, the ERF families in Arabidopsis and rice were divided into 12 and 15 groups, respectively, and several of these groups were further divided into subgroups. Based on the observation that 11 of these groups were present in both Arabidopsis and rice, it was concluded that the major functional diversification within the ERF family predated the monocot/dicot divergence. In contrast, some groups/subgroups are species specific. We discuss the relationship between the structure and function of the ERF family proteins based on these results and published information. It was further concluded that the expansion of the ERF family in plants might have been due to chromosomal/segmental duplication and tandem duplication, as well as more ancient transposition and homing. These results will be useful for future functional analyses of the ERF family genes.
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              Nuclear events in ethylene signaling: a transcriptional cascade mediated by ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 and ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1.

              Response to the gaseous plant hormone ethylene in Arabidopsis requires the EIN3/EIL family of nuclear proteins. The biochemical function(s) of EIN3/EIL proteins, however, has remained unknown. In this study, we show that EIN3 and EILs comprise a family of novel sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins that regulate gene expression by binding directly to a primary ethylene response element (PERE) related to the tomato E4-element. Moreover, we identified an immediate target of EIN3, ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 (ERF1), which contains this element in its promoter. EIN3 is necessary and sufficient for ERF1 expression, and, like EIN3-overexpression in transgenic plants, constitutive expression of ERF1 results in the activation of a variety of ethylene response genes and phenotypes. Evidence is also provided that ERF1 acts downstream of EIN3 and all other components of the ethylene signaling pathway. The results demonstrate that the nuclear proteins EIN3 and ERF1 act sequentially in a cascade of transcriptional regulation initiated by ethylene gas.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                pascal.montoro@cirad.fr
                Journal
                Plant Biotechnol J
                Plant Biotechnol. J
                10.1111/(ISSN)1467-7652
                PBI
                Plant Biotechnology Journal
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                1467-7644
                1467-7652
                02 September 2017
                January 2018
                : 16
                : 1 ( doiID: 10.1111/pbi.2018.16.issue-1 )
                : 322-336
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] CIRAD UMR AGAP Montpellier France
                [ 2 ] Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok Indonesia
                [ 3 ] Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Bogor Indonesia
                [ 4 ] Faculty of Natural Resources Department of Plant Science Prince of Songkla University (PSU) Hat Yai Songkla Thailand
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence (Tel +33 4 67 61 56 82; fax +33 4 67 61 56 05; email pascal.montoro@ 123456cirad.fr )
                Article
                PBI12774
                10.1111/pbi.12774
                5785357
                28626940
                a7b236a6-c9c1-46b1-961d-18ff26e7aec3
                © 2017 The Authors. Plant Biotechnology Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 10 August 2016
                : 03 May 2017
                : 29 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 5, Pages: 15, Words: 10626
                Funding
                Funded by: CIRAD
                Funded by: Institut Français du Caoutchouc
                Funded by: Socfinco
                Funded by: SIPH
                Funded by: Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE)
                Funded by: Ministry of National Education of Indonesia
                Award ID: 386/E4.4/K/2012
                Funded by: French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
                Funded by: AGREENIUM
                Categories
                Research Article
                Research Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                pbi12774
                January 2018
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:version=5.3.1 mode:remove_FC converted:25.01.2018

                Biotechnology
                genetic modification,latex,plant hormone,rubber,transcription factor
                Biotechnology
                genetic modification, latex, plant hormone, rubber, transcription factor

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