Gingival neoplasms: a multicenter collaborative study of 888 patients in Brazil

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Abstract

Background

To evaluate the prevalence and clinicopathological features of a large series of gingival neoplasms in Brazil.

Material and Methods

All gingival benign and malignant neoplasms were retrieved from the records of six Oral Pathology Services in Brazil, during a 41-year period. Clinical and demographic data, clinical diagnosis, and histopathological data were collected from the patients' clinical charts. For statistical analysis, the chi-square, median test of independent samples and the U Mann-Whitney tests were used, considering a significance of 5%.

Results

From 100,026 oral lesions, 888 (0.9%) were gingival neoplasms. There were 496 (55.9%) males, with a mean age of 54.2 years. Most cases (70.3%) were malignant neoplasms. Nodules (46.2%) and ulcers (38.9%) were the most common clinical appearance for benign and malignant neoplasms, respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma (55.6%) was the most common gingival neoplasm, followed by squamous cell papilloma (19.6%). In 69 (11.1%) malignant neoplasms, the lesions were clinically considered to be inflammatory or of infectious origin. Malignant neoplasms were more common in older men, appeared with larger size, and with a time of complaint shorter than benign neoplasms ( p<0.001).

Conclusions

Benign and malignant tumors may appear as nodules in gingival tissue. In addition, malignant neoplasms, especially squamous cell carcinoma, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent single gingival ulcers.

Key words:Gingiva, gingival neoplasms, mouth neoplasms, gingival diseases, prevalence.

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The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.

Erik von Elm, Douglas G. Altman, Matthias Egger … (2014)

Much biomedical research is observational. The reporting of such research is often inadequate, which hampers the assessment of its strengths and weaknesses and of a study's generalisability. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Initiative developed recommendations on what should be included in an accurate and complete report of an observational study. We defined the scope of the recommendations to cover three main study designs: cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. We convened a 2-day workshop in September 2004, with methodologists, researchers, and journal editors to draft a checklist of items. This list was subsequently revised during several meetings of the coordinating group and in e-mail discussions with the larger group of STROBE contributors, taking into account empirical evidence and methodological considerations. The workshop and the subsequent iterative process of consultation and revision resulted in a checklist of 22 items (the STROBE Statement) that relate to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of articles. 18 items are common to all three study designs and four are specific for cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies. A detailed Explanation and Elaboration document is published separately and is freely available on the Web sites of PLoS Medicine, Annals of Internal Medicine, and Epidemiology. We hope that the STROBE Statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of observational studies.

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HIV-Associated Cancers and Related Diseases

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Metastatic tumours to the oral cavity - pathogenesis and analysis of 673 cases.

Abraham Hirshberg, Ilana Kaplan, Anna Shnaiderman … (2008)

The oral region is an uncommon site for metastatic tumour cell colonization and is usually evidence of a wide spread disease. In 25% of cases, oral metastases were found to be the first sign of the metastatic spread and in 23% it was the first indication of an undiscovered malignancy at a distant site. The jawbones, particularly the mandible, were more frequently affected than the oral soft tissues (2:1). In the oral soft tissues, the attached gingiva was the most commonly affected site (54%). The major primary sites presenting oral metastases were the lung, kidney, liver, and prostate for men, breast, female genital organs (FGO), kidney, and colo-rectum for women. The primary site differs according to oral site colonization, in men the lung was the most common primary site affecting both the jawbones and oral mucosa (22% and 31.3%, respectively) followed by the prostate gland in the jawbones (11%) and kidney in the oral soft tissues (14%). In women, the breast was the most common primary tumour affecting the jawbones and soft tissues (41% and 24.3%, respectively), followed by the adrenal and female genital organs (FGO) in the jawbones (7.7%) and FGO in the soft tissues (14.8%). The clinical presentation of the metastatic lesions differ between the various sites in the oral region. In the jawbones most patients complain of swelling, pain and paresthesia which developed in a relative short period. Early manifestation of the gingival metastases resembled a hyperplastic or reactive lesion, such as pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, or fibrous epulis. Because of its rarity, the diagnosis of a metastatic lesion in the oral region is challenging, both to the clinician and to the pathologist, in recognizing that a lesion is metastatic and in determining the site of origin. The clinical presentation of a metastatic lesion in the oral cavity can be deceiving leading to a misdiagnosis of a benign process, therefore, in any case where the clinical presentation is unusual especially in patients with a known malignant disease a biopsy is mandatory.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal

Journal ID (publisher-id): Medicina Oral S.L.

Title: Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal

Publisher: Medicina Oral S.L.

ISSN (Print): 1698-4447

ISSN (Electronic): 1698-6946

Publication date (Print): July 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 18 June 2023

Volume: 28

Issue: 4

Pages: e301-e309

Affiliations

[1 ]Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

[2 ]Oral Pathology Unit, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil

[3 ]Oral Pathology Unit, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

[4 ]Oral Pathology Unit, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

[5 ]Oral Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

[6 ]Oral Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

[7 ]Oral Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Author notes

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Preventiva 4ª Travessa Professor Artur de Sá, s/n. Cidade Universitária CEP: 50740-521, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil , E-mail: danyel.perez@ 123456ufpe.br

Article

Publisher ID: 25707

DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25707

PMC ID: 10314360

PubMed ID: 37330954

SO-VID: a7a45b3b-a6fc-4e64-8500-a6a46486ee41

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Gingival neoplasms: a multicenter collaborative study of 888 patients in Brazil

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Abstract

Background

Material and Methods

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Conclusions

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Most cited references 30

The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.

HIV-Associated Cancers and Related Diseases

Metastatic tumours to the oral cavity - pathogenesis and analysis of 673 cases.

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