6
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Traction force microscopy of engineered cardiac tissues

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Cardiac tissue development and pathology have been shown to depend sensitively on microenvironmental mechanical factors, such as extracellular matrix stiffness, in both in vivo and in vitro systems. We present a novel quantitative approach to assess cardiac structure and function by extending the classical traction force microscopy technique to tissue-level preparations. Using this system, we investigated the relationship between contractile proficiency and metabolism in neonate rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) cultured on gels with stiffness mimicking soft immature (1 kPa), normal healthy (13 kPa), and stiff diseased (90 kPa) cardiac microenvironments. We found that tissues engineered on the softest gels generated the least amount of stress and had the smallest work output. Conversely, cardiomyocytes in tissues engineered on healthy- and disease-mimicking gels generated significantly higher stresses, with the maximal contractile work measured in NRVM engineered on gels of normal stiffness. Interestingly, although tissues on soft gels exhibited poor stress generation and work production, their basal metabolic respiration rate was significantly more elevated than in other groups, suggesting a highly ineffective coupling between energy production and contractile work output. Our novel platform can thus be utilized to quantitatively assess the mechanotransduction pathways that initiate tissue-level structural and functional remodeling in response to substrate stiffness.

          Related collections

          Most cited references32

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Phototactic guidance of a tissue-engineered soft-robotic ray.

          Inspired by the relatively simple morphological blueprint provided by batoid fish such as stingrays and skates, we created a biohybrid system that enables an artificial animal--a tissue-engineered ray--to swim and phototactically follow a light cue. By patterning dissociated rat cardiomyocytes on an elastomeric body enclosing a microfabricated gold skeleton, we replicated fish morphology at 1/10 scale and captured basic fin deflection patterns of batoid fish. Optogenetics allows for phototactic guidance, steering, and turning maneuvers. Optical stimulation induced sequential muscle activation via serpentine-patterned muscle circuits, leading to coordinated undulatory swimming. The speed and direction of the ray was controlled by modulating light frequency and by independently eliciting right and left fins, allowing the biohybrid machine to maneuver through an obstacle course.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Diastolic stiffness of the failing diabetic heart: importance of fibrosis, advanced glycation end products, and myocyte resting tension.

            Excessive diastolic left ventricular stiffness is an important contributor to heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is presumed to increase stiffness through myocardial deposition of collagen and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Cardiomyocyte resting tension also elevates stiffness, especially in heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The contribution to diastolic stiffness of fibrosis, AGEs, and cardiomyocyte resting tension was assessed in diabetic heart failure patients with normal or reduced LVEF. Left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy samples were procured in 28 patients with normal LVEF and 36 patients with reduced LVEF, all without coronary artery disease. Sixteen patients with normal LVEF and 10 with reduced LVEF had diabetes mellitus. Biopsy samples were used for quantification of collagen and AGEs and for isolation of cardiomyocytes to measure resting tension. Diabetic heart failure patients had higher diastolic left ventricular stiffness irrespective of LVEF. Diabetes mellitus increased the myocardial collagen volume fraction only in patients with reduced LVEF (from 14.6+/-1.0% to 22.4+/-2.2%, P<0.001) and increased cardiomyocyte resting tension only in patients with normal LVEF (from 5.1+/-0.7 to 8.5+/-0.9 kN/m2, P=0.006). Diabetes increased myocardial AGE deposition in patients with reduced LVEF (from 8.8+/-2.5 to 24.1+/-3.8 score/mm2; P=0.005) and less so in patients with normal LVEF (from 8.2+/-2.5 to 15.7+/-2.7 score/mm2, P=NS). Mechanisms responsible for the increased diastolic stiffness of the diabetic heart differ in heart failure with reduced and normal LVEF: Fibrosis and AGEs are more important when LVEF is reduced, whereas cardiomyocyte resting tension is more important when LVEF is normal.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Ensembles of engineered cardiac tissues for physiological and pharmacological study: heart on a chip.

              Traditionally, muscle physiology experiments require multiple tissue samples to obtain morphometric, electrophysiological, and contractility data. Furthermore, these experiments are commonly completed one at a time on cover slips of single cells, isotropic monolayers, or in isolated muscle strips. In all of these cases, variability of the samples hinders quantitative comparisons among experimental groups. Here, we report the design of a "heart on a chip" that exploits muscular thin film technology--biohybrid constructs of an engineered, anisotropic ventricular myocardium on an elastomeric thin film--to measure contractility, combined with a quantification of action potential propagation, and cytoskeletal architecture in multiple tissues in the same experiment. We report techniques for real-time data collection and analysis during pharmacological intervention. The chip is an efficient means of measuring structure-function relationships in constructs that replicate the hierarchical tissue architectures of laminar cardiac muscle.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                28 March 2018
                2018
                : 13
                : 3
                : e0194706
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
                [2 ] John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
                [3 ] Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
                [4 ] Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
                [5 ] Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, Miami, FL, United States of America
                The University of Akron, UNITED STATES
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-7535
                Article
                PONE-D-17-31941
                10.1371/journal.pone.0194706
                5874032
                29590169
                a696cf82-e998-474a-888f-ed58e47f5ab1
                © 2018 Pasqualini et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 30 August 2017
                : 8 March 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 0, Pages: 14
                Funding
                Funded by: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (US)
                Award ID: UH2 and UH3 awards TR000522 “Human Cardiopulmonary System On-a-Chip”
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000185, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency;
                Award ID: BAA-11-73 “Human Microphysiological Systems Program”
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001, National Science Foundation;
                Award ID: Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) grant DMR-1420570
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001, National Science Foundation;
                Award ID: ECS-0335765
                The authors also acknowledge support from NIH NCATS UH2 and UH3 awards TR000522 “Human Cardiopulmonary System On-a-Chip” to KKP, DARPA BAA-11-73 “Human Microphysiological Systems Program” to KKP, and NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) grant DMR-1420570. This work was partially performed at the Harvard University Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS), a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), which is supported by NSF award ECS-0335765. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Material Properties
                Mechanical Properties
                Stiffness
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Materials by Structure
                Amorphous Solids
                Gels
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Materials by Structure
                Mixtures
                Gels
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Physiology
                Muscle Physiology
                Muscle Contraction
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Physiology
                Muscle Physiology
                Muscle Contraction
                Science Policy
                Science and Technology Workforce
                Careers in Research
                Engineers
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Professions
                Engineers
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cellular Types
                Animal Cells
                Muscle Cells
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Anatomy
                Biological Tissue
                Muscle Tissue
                Muscle Cells
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Anatomy
                Biological Tissue
                Muscle Tissue
                Muscle Cells
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biotechnology
                Bioengineering
                Tissue Engineering
                Engineering and Technology
                Bioengineering
                Tissue Engineering
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cellular Types
                Animal Cells
                Muscle Cells
                Myofibrils
                Sarcomeres
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Anatomy
                Biological Tissue
                Muscle Tissue
                Muscle Cells
                Myofibrils
                Sarcomeres
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Anatomy
                Biological Tissue
                Muscle Tissue
                Muscle Cells
                Myofibrils
                Sarcomeres
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cell Physiology
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the paper.

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article