Physiological potential of soybean seeds over storage after industrial treatment Translated title: Potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja durante o armazenamento após tratamento industrial

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of industrial seed treatments on the physiological potential of soybean seeds over storage. Four mixtures of agrochemical products in association with two fertilizers were tested. The agrochemical product mixtures were carbendazim/thiram + imidacloprid/thiodicarb; pyraclostrobin, thiophanate-methyl, and fipronil; thiophanate-methyl/fluazinam + bifenthrin/imidacloprid; and metalaxyl-m/fludioxonil + thiamethoxam. The two fertilizers were 7% N, 16% P2O5, 0.6% Co, and 2.5% Mo; and 1% Co, 10% Mo, and 7% P2 O5. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a split-plot arrangement in time, with four replications. The treatments were allocated in the plots, while the storage periods (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days) constituted the split-plots. The following tests were carried out in each period: first count of germination, germination, accelerated aging, emergence speed index in sand substrate, and final seedling emergence in sand substrate. Seed germination and vigor declined over the storage period, especially after industrial treatment. Pesticide mixtures of a carbendazim/thiram fungicide base and an imidacloprid/thiodicarb insecticide base most impaired seed physiological potential throughout storage, regardless of fertilizer use in the industrial treatment.

Translated abstract

Resumo: O objetivo no trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento industrial sobre o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja durante o armazenamento. Quatro misturas de defensivos agrícolas (carbendazim/thiram + imidacloprido/tiodicarbe; piraclostrobina, tiofanato metílico e fipronil; detiofanato-metílico/fluazinam + bifentrina /imidacloprido e metalaxil-m/fludioxonil + thiamethoxam) associadas a dois fertilizantes (7% N, 16% P2O5, 0,6% Co, 2,5% Mo e 1% Co, 10% Mo e 7% P2O5) foram testadas. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com quatro repetições. Nas parcelas foram alocados os tratamentos e nas subparcelas os períodos de armazenamento (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias). Em cada período foram realizados os testes de primeira contagem, germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, índice de velocidade de emergência e emergência de plântulas em substrato de areia. A germinação e o vigor das sementes de soja são reduzidos ao longo do armazenamento, sobretudo após o tratamento industrial. Caldas à base de carbendazim/thiram + imidacloprido/tiodicarbe prejudicam o potencial fisiológico das sementes ao longo do armazenamento, independentemente do emprego de fertilizantes no tratamento industrial.