For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
33
views
22
references
 Top references
cited by
4
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      968
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Isolation of methyl gamma linolenate from spirulina platensis using flash chromatography and its apoptosis inducing effect

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Isolation of methyl gamma linolenate from Spirulina platensis using flash chromatography and its apoptosis inducing effect against human lung carcinoma A- 549 cell lines.

          Methods

          Gamma linolenic acid is an important omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) of medicinal interest was isolated from microalgae Spirulina platensis using flash chromatography system (Isolera system) as its methyl ester. The isolated methyl gamma linolenate was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis and the data were consistent with the structure.

          Results

          The percentage yield of isolated methyl gamma linolenate is found to be 71 % w/w, which is a very good yield in comparison to other conventional methods. It was subjected to i n-vitro cytotoxic screening on A-549 lung cancer cell lines using SRB assay and result was compared with standard rutin.

          Conclusion

          It may be concluded that the Flash chromatography system plays a major role in improving the yield for theisolation of methyl gamma linoleate from Spirulina platensis and the isolated molecule is a potent cytotoxicagent towards human lung carcinoma cell lines, however it may be further taken up for an extensive study.

          Related collections

          Most cited references22

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Cancer Statistics, 2008

          A. Jemal, R. Siegel, E. Ward … (2008)
          Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,437,180 new cancer cases and 565,650 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2008. Notable trends in cancer incidence and mortality include stabilization of incidence rates for all cancer sites combined in men from 1995 through 2004 and in women from 1999 through 2004 and a continued decrease in the cancer death rate since 1990 in men and since 1991 in women. Overall cancer death rates in 2004 compared with 1990 in men and 1991 in women decreased by 18.4% and 10.5%, respectively, resulting in the avoidance of over a half million deaths from cancer during this time interval. This report also examines cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by site, sex, race/ethnicity, education, geographic area, and calendar year, as well as the proportionate contribution of selected sites to the overall trends. Although much progress has been made in reducing mortality rates, stabilizing incidence rates, and improving survival, cancer still accounts for more deaths than heart disease in persons under age 85 years. Further progress can be accelerated by supporting new discoveries and by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1703 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Effects of gamma-linolenic acid and oleic acid on paclitaxel cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells.

            E Sevilla, Anna Solanas, R. Colomer … (2001)
            It has been suggested that dietary interventions may improve the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy. We have examined the combined in vitro cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and the fatty acids gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 18:3n-6) and oleic acid (OA, 18:1n-9) in human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. The effect of fatty acids on paclitaxel chemosensitivity was determined by comparing IC(50) and IC(70) (50 and 70% inhibitory concentrations, respectively) obtained when the cells were exposed to IC(50) and IC(70) levels of paclitaxel alone and fatty acids were supplemented either before or during the exposure to paclitaxel. The 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine cell growth inhibition. GLA by itself showed antiproliferative effects, and a possible GLA-paclitaxel interaction at the cellular level was assessed by the isobologram and the combination-index (CI) methods. Isobole analysis at the isoeffect levels of 50 and 70% revealed that drug interaction was predominantly synergistic when GLA and paclitaxel were added concurrently for 24 h to the cell cultures. Interaction assessment using the median-effect principle and the combination-index (CI) method showed that exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to an equimolar combination of concurrent GLA plus paclitaxel for 24 h resulted in a moderate synergism at all effect levels, consistent with the results of the isobologram analysis. When exposure to GLA (24 h) was followed sequentially by paclitaxel (24 h) only an additive effect was observed. The GLA-mediated increase in paclitaxel chemosensitivity was only partially abolished by Vitamin E, a lipid peroxidation inhibitor, suggesting a limited influence of the oxidative status of GLA in achieving potentiation of paclitaxel toxicity. When OA (a non-peroxidisable fatty acid) was combined with paclitaxel, an enhancement of chemosensitivity was found when OA was used concurrently with paclitaxel, although less markedly than with GLA. Pretreatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with OA for 24 h prior to a 24 h paclitaxel exposure produced greater enhancement of paclitaxel sensitivity at high OA concentrations than the concurrent exposure to OA and paclitaxel. The OA-induced sensitisation to paclitaxel was not due to the cytoxicity of the fatty acid itself. When these observations were extended to three additional breast carcinoma cell lines (SK-Br3, T47D and MCF-7), simultaneous exposure to GLA and paclitaxel also resulted in synergism. GLA preincubation followed by paclitaxel resulted in additivity for all cell lines. Simultaneous exposure to paclitaxel and OA enhanced paclitaxel cytotoxicity in T47D and MCF-7 cells, but not in SK-Br3 cells, whereas preincubation with OA failed to increase paclitaxel effectiveness in all three cell lines. For comparison, the effects of other fatty acids on paclitaxel chemosensitivity were examined: GLA was the most potent at enhancing paclitaxel cytotoxicity, followed by alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n.3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), whereas linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6) did not increase paclitaxel toxicity. These findings provide experimental support for the use of fatty acids as modulators of tumour cell chemosensitivity in paclitaxel-based therapy.
            Article 0 comments Cited 26 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Synthesis, antidepressant and antimicrobial activities of some novel stearic acid analogues.

              Selvaraj Jubie, Patil Ramesh, Palanichamy Dhanabal … (2012)
              Stearic acid, a saturated fatty acid was isolated from the microalga Spirulina platensis. Some novel stearic acid analogues having 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,4-triazolo-[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole are synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR and mass spectral analysis. All the synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity by using cup plate method. The synthesized compounds have been further screened for their antidepressant activity in swiss albino mice by forced swim test (FST), midbrain dopamine has been estimated and quantified. All the compounds showed good antimicrobial activity and compound 6 showed significant antidepressant activity. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
              Article 0 comments Cited 19 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Dhanabal S. P.: +919489044577 , spdhanabal@jsscpooty.org
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Complement Altern Med
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Complement Altern Med
                Title: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6882
                Publication date (Electronic): 4 August 2015
                Publication date PMC-release: 4 August 2015
                Publication date Collection: 2015
                Volume: 15
                Electronic Location Identifier: 263
                Affiliations
                [ ]Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Mysore, India
                [ ]Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, J. S. S. College of Pharmacy, Rock lands, Ooty-643 001 Tamilnadu, India
                [ ]Research Associate, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001 JSS University, Mysore, India
                Article
                Publisher ID: 771
                DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0771-8
                PMC ID: 4545820
                PubMed ID: 26238515
                SO-VID: a5d50763-581b-4c3c-abef-651225c4673e
                Copyright © © S. et al. 2015
                License:

                Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 12 November 2014
                Date accepted : 8 July 2015
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2015

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Keywords: spirulina platensis,lung cancer,gamma linolenic acid (gla),cytotoxicity,flash chromatography
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Keywords: spirulina platensis, lung cancer, gamma linolenic acid (gla), cytotoxicity, flash chromatography

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content968

                See all similar

                Cited by4

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors280

                See all reference authors