Effects of Thermo-Conductivity on Hydromagnetic Nanofluid Convective Flow through an Artificial Kidney past a Porous Stretching Cylinder

Abstract

The study of the effects of thermo-conductivity on hydromagnetic nanofluid convective flow through hollow fibers in an artificial kidney past a porous stretching cylinder has been considered. The flow is unsteady and magnetic field is perpendicular applied to the porous stretching cylinder in the artificial kidney. Metallic nanoparticles have been used to improve the heat conduction of the base fluids. The equations governing the hydromagnetic nanofluid convective flow past porous stretching cylinder in an artificial kidney are highly coupled and nonlinear; the equations are solved by finite difference method, a class of numerical techniques for solving differential equations by approximating derivatives with finite differences that applies Crank–Nicolson techniques, and the results obtained are presented graphically followed by discussion of the findings. The effects of each nondimensional parameter on flow variables such as velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles have been discussed. The nanoparticles dissolved in the base fluid improve thermo-conductivity of nanofluid; however, the axial velocity, radial velocity, and temperature as well as concentration of solutes increase as dialysis session of hemodialysis during the filtration of patient’s blood in an artificial kidney decreases from a minimum of six hours to two hours in a day.